Meriana ea nakoana le e telele e sebelisoa bakeng sa matšoenyeho
Haeba u na le lefu la ho tšoenyeha ka tloaelo (GAD) u tla atisa ho fumana motsoako oa phekolo ea puo le phekolo ea meriana. GAD e khetholloa ke matšoao a ho sa feleng , ho tšoenyeha ho feteletseng le tsitsipano tse se nang motheo kapa tse matla haholo ho feta matšoenyeho a tloaelehileng ao batho ba bangata ba nang le 'ona. Liphuputso li fumane hore karolo ea 60 ho isa ho 65 lekholong ea ba nang le GAD le eona e na le mathata a mang a mafu a kelello hammoho le eona-hangata ho kopana le bothata ba ho tšoha le ho tepella maikutlong .
Kalafo ea GAD e kenyelletsa benzodiazepines, li-anti-depressants le azapirone.
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines e sebetsa ka katleho ho fokotsa ts'oaetso ea ts'oaetso le boitšoaro ba phobic , hammoho le karolo ea tebello ea tlhaselo e tšosang . Li sebelisetsoa ho tšoara matšoao a GAD ka nako e khutšoanyane ha li-anti-depressing li ntse li sebetsa. Lithethefatsi sehlopheng sena li kenyelletsa Klonopin (clonazepam), Ativan (lorazepam), le Xanax (alprazolam).
Le hoja benzodiazepine e nka kapele, hoo e ka bang halofo ea bakuli ba na le matšoao a ho khaotsa ha ba tlosoa meriana 'me lingaka tse ngata li lumela hore bakuli ba li fumaneng ba ka' na ba ba le mamello ho meriana. Hang ha moriana o thibelang ho imeloa kelellong o qala ho sebetsa, tekanyo ea benzodiazepine e fokotseha hanyane ka hanyane ho fihlela e emisoa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng.
Benzodiazepines e baka sesole le e ka 'na ea eketseha ea oa,' me ea baka pherekano le mathata a mohopolo ho batho ba hōlileng. Motho ea sebetsang le mechine e boima e ka boela ea e-ba moemeli ea futsanehileng.
Histori ea tšebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi kapa lithethefatsi e ka 'na ea e-ba ho hanyetsa ho sebelisoa benzodiazepine.
Ho tepella maikutlo
Ho na le lihlopha tse fapaneng tsa ho loantšana ha maikutlo tse ka sebelisoang ho tšoara GAD. Meriana ena e ka nka libeke hore e sebetse. Hobane ho tepella ha maikutlo ho etsoa butle-butle ho feta benzodiazepine, hangata ho boleloa ho kopane le benzodiazepine nakong ea phekolo ea pele.
- Selectional Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): Sehlopha sena se kenyelletsa Lexapro (escitalopram), Paxil (paroxetine), Prozac (fluoxetine), le Zoloft (sertraline). Litla-morao tsa SSRIs li matla haholo ho feta tsa tricyclic ho loantša maikutlo (TCAs). SSRIs e hlahisa liphello tse fokolang tsa pelo le boleng bo fokotsehang bo fokolang le sedation ho feta tsa TCA.
- Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) : Sehlopha sena se kenyelletsa Cymbalta (duloxetine) le Effexor (venlafaxine), e ka sebelisetsoang GAD. Li nkoa li le matla joaloka li-SSRI 'me li na le kalafo ea pele ea GAD.
- Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) : Tofranil (imipramine) hangata e sebelisetsoa ho tšoara matšoenyeho. Lithethefatsi tse ling tsa tricyclic tse fumanoeng e le tse atlehang ho phekola boloetse ba tšabo li akarelletsa Pamelor (nortriptyline), Norpramin (desipramine), le Anafranil (clomipramine). Li-tricyclics, ho fapana le benzodiazepines, li hloka feela hore e be le meriana e le 'ngoe ea letsatsi le leng le le leng ea meriana. Li ithutoa hantle ebile li thusa ho itebela khahlanong le ho tepella maikutlong, hangata ho ferekanyang ho tšoenyeha ha tšabo. Leha ho le joalo, li-TCA li ka hlahisa maikutlo a tšoanang le tlhaselo e tšosang . Bakuli ba nang le bothata ba ho tšoha ba atisa ho tšoara li-tricyclics haholo; ba bang ba ka 'na ba e-ba le ts'ebetso (ho ipeha tlaase, ho teneha le ho se phomole) qalong ea phekolo. Ka kakaretso, phekolo e nang le TCA e qala ka tekanyo e tlaase e eketsehang ka nako. Lingaka tse ling li fana ka tlhahiso ea hore mokuli a arohane le dose, ka bongata ba meriana e nkiloeng pele a robala, kahoo a bakela litla-morao tse ngata ha mokuli a robetse. Bothata bo bong bo boholo ba tricyclics ke hore ka linako tse ling li hlahisa litla-morao tsa pelo (tse kang ho ba le botenya le ho otlolla pelo) hammoho le phaello ea boima le maruo.
- Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) : Lithethefatsi tsena li fumanoe li atleha haholo ha ho phekoloa mafu a ho tšoenyeha, ho akarelletsa le ho tšoenyeha ha tšabo le phobia ea sechaba . Leha ho le joalo, ho na le litla-morao tse itseng tse matla le lithethefatsi tsena. Batho ba nkang MAOI ba tlameha ho ba le lijo tse thibelang lijo ka lebaka la ntho e bitsoang tyramine e fumanoang lijong tse itseng. Tšebelisano pakeng tsa tyramine le MAOI e ka fokotsa mathata a nang le khatello ea mali e tsejoang ka keketseho e tsotehang ea khatello ea mali.
Azapirones
Buspirone e ka boela ea sebelisoa ho tšoara GAD. Lebitso la BuSpar ha le sa le 'marakeng, empa li-generic li ka' na tsa fumaneha.
Buspirone e lieha ho etsa lintho 'me e hloka libeke tse' maloa hore e sebetse. Buspirone ha e bake sedation e le benzodiazepine ebile ha e lebise ho itšetlehile ka lithethefatsi.
> Mehloli:
Mathata a ho tšoenyeha: Mefuta, Tlhahlobo le Phekolo. NIH MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/magazine/issues/summer15/articles/summer15pg6-8.html.
> Tšoenyeho ea Kakaretso ea ho Tšoenyeha: Ha ho Tšoenyeha ho Felisoa ho Laola. Setsi sa Sechaba sa Bophelo ba kelello. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/generalized-anxiety-disorder-gad/index.shtml.
> Greist JH. Matšoenyeho a Tloaelehileng a Tšoenyeho (GAD). http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/anxiety-and-stressor-related-disorders/generalized-anxiety-disorder-gad#v1025319.
> Meriana. Ho tšoenyeha le ho tepella maikutlo Mokhatlo oa Amerika. https://www.adaa.org/finding-help/treatment/medication.