Ho utloisisa Psychology of Flow
Hantle-ntle ho phalla hokae? Nahana feela ka motsotsoana hore u matha peisong. Tlhokomelo ea hau e tsepamisitsoe mofuteng oa 'mele oa hau, matla a mesifa ea hau, matla a matšoafo a hau le maikutlo a seterata ka tlas'a maoto a hau. U phela motsotso oo, u kenngoa ka ho feletseng mosebetsing oa joale. Nako e bonahala eka e oa. U khathetse, empa ha u hlokomele.
Ho ea ka setsebi sa kelello ea molemo Mihály Csíkszentmihályi , seo u se utloang ka nako eo se tsejoa e le phallo, boemo ba ho kolobetsoa ka ho feletseng mosebetsing. O hlalosa boemo ba kelello ba ho phalla e le "ho ameha ka ho feletseng mosebetsing ka boinotši. Boemo bo oela. Nako e 'ngoe e fofa. Khato e' ngoe le e 'ngoe, tsamaiso le monahano o latela ka ho hlaka ho tloha pele, joaloka ho bapala jazz. ho ameha, 'me u sebelisa tsebo ea hao ho fihlela ka hohle. "
Liphihlelo tse phalang li ka hlaha ka litsela tse sa tšoaneng bakeng sa batho ba fapaneng Ba bang ba ka 'na ba phalla ha ba ntse ba bapala papaling e kang ho sesa, tennis, bolo ea maoto, ho tantša kapa ho matha. Ba bang ba ka 'na ba ba le boiphihlelo bo joalo ha ba ntse ba etsa ketsahalo e kang ho penta, ho taka kapa ho ngola.
Ho Ikutloa Joang Hore U Phalloe ke Bothata?
Ho latela Csíkszentmihályi, ho na le lintho tse leshome tse tsamaeang le phihlelo ea phallo. Le hoja boholo ba likarolo tsena li ka 'na tsa e-ba teng, ha ho hlokahale hore u li bone kaofela ho phalla ho etsahala:
- Hlakola lipakane tseo, ha li ntse li le thata, li ntse li fumaneha.
- Ho tsepamisa mohopolo o matla le ho tsepamisa maikutlo.
- Mosebetsi ona o khotsofatsa ka boomo.
- Maikutlo a khutso; ho lahleheloa ke maikutlo a ho ikhotsofatsa.
- Ho se na nako; maikutlo a fosahetseng a nako; u ikutloa u tsepamisitse maikutlo haholo hona joale hore u lahleheloe ke nako ea ho feta.
- Maikutlo a hau hang-hang.
- Ho tseba hore mosebetsi o ka etsoa; ho leka-lekana pakeng tsa litekanyetso tsa boemo le bothata bo hlahang.
- Maikutlo a ho laola botho le boemo.
- Ho hloka tlhokomelo ka litlhoko tsa nama.
- Tsepamisa maikutlo ka ho feletseng mosebetsing ka boeona.
Kamoo U ka Finyellang Phallo
Joale u ka etsa'ng ho eketsa menyetla ea ho finyella phallo ? Bukeng ea hae, Csíkszentmihályi o hlalosa hore ho phalla ho ka etsahala ha motho a tobane le mosebetsi o nang le lipakane tse hlakileng tse hlokang likarabo tse tobileng. Papali ea chess ke mohlala o motle oa ha boemo ba phallo bo ka etsahala. Bakeng sa nako ea tlhōlisano, setšoantšiso se na le lipakane tse tobileng le likarabo, ho lumella hore ho lebisitsoe tlhokomelo ka ho feletseng papaling nakong ea papali.
"Phallo e boetse e etsahala ha litsebo tsa motho li ameha ka botlalo ho hlōla bothata bo ka sebetsang hantle, kahoo e sebetsa joaloka makenete bakeng sa ho ithuta tsebo e ncha le mathata a ntseng a eketseha," Csíkszentmihályi oa hlalosa. "Haeba mathata a le tlaase haholo, motho o tla boela a phalle ka ho ba phahamisa. Haeba mathata a le kholo haholo, motho a ka khutlela sebakeng se phallo ka ho ithuta tsebo e ncha."
Likōpo le Mehlala ea Phallo
Le hoja liphihlelo tsa lipalesa li ka etsahala joaloka karolo ea bophelo ba letsatsi le leng le le leng, ho boetse ho na le mekhoa e sebetsang ea bohlokoa likarolong tse sa tšoaneng tse kenyeletsang thuto, lipapali le mosebetsing.
- Mehlala ea Phallo ea Thuto: Csíkszentmihályi o re ho tlōla tekano kapa bokhoni bo ka thusa batho hore ba tsebe ho phalla. Ntlha e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ka khopolo ea hae ke khopolo ea ho itokolla hanyenyane ho feta bokhoni ba hona joale ba bokhoni. Ho otlolla hanyenyane ha tsebo ea hona joale ho ka thusa boiphihlelo ka bomong ho phalla.
- Mehlala ea Phallo ea Lipapali: Feela joaloka litlhophisong tsa thuto, ho etsa mosebetsi oa liatleletiki tse thata empa o ka fokotsa bokhoni ba motho ke tsela e ntle ea ho finyella phallo. Ka linako tse ling ho hlalosoa ka ho ba "sebakeng seo," ho fihlela boemo bona ba ho phalla ho lumella moatlelete ho lahleheloa ke boithati le boikutlo ba ho sebetsa ka botlalo mosebetsing.
- Mehlala ea Phallo Sebakeng sa Mosebetsi: Phallo e ka boela ea etsahala ha basebetsi ba kopanela mosebetsing moo ba khonang ho tsepamisa mohopolo ka ho feletseng mosebetsing o haufi. Ka mohlala, mongoli a ka 'na a fumana sena ha a ntse a sebetsa koranta kapa moqapi oa lifilimi a ka finyella phallo ha a ntse a sebetsa papisong ea marang-rang.
Melemo ea Phallo
Ho phaella ho etsa hore mesebetsi e be e thabisang haholoanyane, phallo e boetse e na le menyetla e mengata.
- Phallo e ka lebisa ts'ebetsong e ntlafetseng Bafuputsi ba hlokometse hore ho phalla ho ka ntlafatsa tshebetso likarolong tse sa tšoaneng tse akarelletsang ho ruta, ho ithuta, lipapali le bonono ba bonono.
- Phallo e ka boela ea lebisa ntlafatsong e eketsehileng ea ho ithuta le tsebo. Hobane ketso ea ho finyella ho phalla e bontša ho tseba hantle tsebo e itseng, motho ka mong o lokela ho tsoela pele ho batla mathata a macha le boitsebiso e le hore a boloke boemo bona.
Lisebelisoa:
Csikszentmihalyi, M. & Rathunde, K. (1993). Ho lekanyetsa ho Phalla Bophelong ba Letsatsi le Letsatsi: Ho ea ho Khopolo ea Moea oa Bohlokoa. Ho Jacobs, JE. Mehopolo ea nts'etsopele ka boikemisetso. Seboka sa Nebraska ka Motivation. Lincoln: Khatiso ea Univesithi ea Nebraska.
Csíkszentmihályi, Mihály (1975), Ka Ntle ho Boithati le Matšoenyeho, San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1997) Ho Fumana Phallo: Psychology ea Kopano le Bophelo ba Letsatsi le Letsatsi. Basic Books, New York.
Csikszentmihalyi, M .; Abuhamdeh, S. & Nakamura, J. (2005), Phalla, ho Elliot, A., Handbook of Competence le Motivation, New York: Guilford Press, maq. 598-698.
Geirland, John. Tsamaea le Phallo. E ne e tsositsoe. https://www.wired.com/1996/09/czik/.
Snyder, CR & Lopez, Shane J. (2007), 11, Positive Psychology, Sage Publications, Inc.