Setsebi sa bophelo bo botle ke sebaka se ikhethileng se lebisang tlhokomelo ea hore na boeloji, litsebi tsa kelello, boitšoaro le likamano tsa sechaba li susumetsa bophelo bo botle le bokuli joang. Mantsoe a mang a kenyelletsang ho ba le kelello ea bongaka le meriana ea boitšoaro ka linako tse ling e sebelisoa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang le lentsoe "psychology".
Bophelo bo botle le maloetse li susumetsoa ke lintlha tse sa tšoaneng. Le hoja boloetse bo tšoaetsanoang le lefu la lefutso le tloaelehile, ho na le mabaka a mangata a boitšoaro le a kelello a ka amang bophelo bo botle ba 'mele le maemo a fapaneng a bongaka.
Tlhaloso e Potlakileng ea Bophelo ba Psychology
- Tšimo ea bophelo bo botle ba kelello e lebisitse tlhokomelo ho bophelo bo botle hammoho le thibelo le phekolo ea maloetse le maloetse.
- Litsebi tsa kelello tsa bophelo bo botle li boetse li lebisa kutloisisong ea hore na batho ba itšoara joang, ba sebetsana joang le ho hlaphoheloa ha ba kula.
- Litsebi tse ling tsa kelello tsa bophelo bo botle li sebetsa ho ntlafatsa tsamaiso ea tlhokomelo ea bophelo le mokhoa oa 'muso oa pholisi ea tlhokomelo ea bophelo.
Karohano ea 38 ea American Psychological Association e nehetsoeng kelellong ea bophelo bo botle. Ho ea ka karohano, sepheo sa bona ke ho utloisisa bophelo bo botle le ho kula, ho ithuta lintlha tsa kelello tse amang bophelo bo botle le ho kenya letsoho tsamaisong ea tlhokomelo ea bophelo le pholisi ea bophelo bo botle.
Tšimo ea kelello ea bophelo bo botle e ntse e le monyenyane haholo, e hlahella lilemong tsa bo-1970 ho rarolla tšimo e potlakileng ea tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Tšepo ea bophelo e ne e le tlase haholo lilemong tse 100 tse fetileng, 'me hangata mathata a bophelo bo botle a thehiloe linthong tse kang ts'ebetso ea mantlha le ho qoba maloetse a tšoaetsanoang.
Kajeno, tebello ea bophelo ho US e ka ba lilemo tse 80, 'me sesosa se ka sehloohong sa lefu ke maloetse a sa foleng ao hangata a amanang le mekhoa ea bophelo e kang lefu la pelo le stroke.
Phekolo ea kelello ea bophelo e hlahile ho thusa ho rarolla liphetoho tsena bophelong. Ka ho shebella mekhoa ea boitšoaro e sithabetsang lefu le lefu, litsebi tsa kelello tsa bophelo bo botle li na le tšepo ea ho thusa batho ho phela hantle - le bophelo bo botle.
Bophelo ba Psychology bo fapana joang le libaka tse ling tsa Psychology?
Joale ke'ng se etsang hore kelello ea bophelo bo botle e ikhethang Ke ka tsela efe e tlatsetsang kutloisisong ea rona ea bophelo bo botle le bophelo bo botle? Hobane kelello ea bophelo bo botle e hatisa hore na boitšoaro bo susumetsa bophelo bo botle joang, ke bo ikhethang ho thusa batho ho fetola boitšoaro bo tlatsetsang bophelong le boiketlo. Ka mohlala, litsebi tsa kelello tse sebetsang tšimong ena li ka 'na tsa etsa lipatlisiso tse sebelisitsoeng mabapi le ho thibela boitšoaro bo sa pheleng joaloka ho tsuba le ho batla litsela tse ncha tsa ho khothaletsa liketso tse phetseng hantle tse kang ho ikoetlisa.
Ka mohlala, ha batho ba bangata ba hlokomela hore ho ja lijo tse ngata tse tsoekere ha ho molemo bakeng sa bophelo bo botle ba bona, batho ba bangata ba tsoela pele ho kopanela boitšoarong bo joalo ho sa tsotellehe liphello tsa nakoana le tsa nako e telele. Litsebi tsa kelello tsa bophelo bo botle li shebile lintlha tsa kelello tse susumetsang likhetho tsena tsa bophelo bo botle le ho hlahloba litsela tsa ho susumelletsa batho ho etsa khetho e ntle ea bophelo.
Maloetse a amanang le lintlha tsa kelello le boitšoaro
Maloetse a mang a amanang le lisosa tsa kelello kapa tsa boitšoaro a kenyelletsa:
- Stroke
- Boloetse ba pelo
- HIV / AIDS
- Kankere
- Mefokolo ea bokhachane le lefu la masea
- Maloetse a tšoaetsanoang
Ho ea ka phuputso e 'ngoe hoo e batlang e le halofo ea bohle ba shoang United States e ka amahanngoa le boitšoaro kapa lintho tse ling tse kotsi tse ka thibeloang.
Litsebi tsa kelello tsa bophelo bo botle li sebetsa le batho ka bomong, lihlopha le sechaba ho fokotsa lisosa tsena tse kotsi, ho ntlafatsa bophelo bo botle le ho fokotsa bokuli.
Mathata a Hona Joale ho Psychology ea Bophelo
Le hoja litsebi tsa kelello tsa bophelo bo botle li kopanela mesebetsing e fapa-fapaneng, tse latelang ke tse seng kae feela tse amehang tabeng ea kelello ea bophelo bo botle:
- Ho fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo
- Tsamaiso ea boima ba 'mele
- Ho khaotsa ho tsuba
- Ho ntlafatsa phepo ea letsatsi le letsatsi
- Ho fokotsa mekhoa e kotsi ea thobalano
- Tlhokomelo ea tlhokomelo ea bakhachane le tlhabollo bakeng sa bakuli ba sebetsang
Ho utloisisa Mekhoa ea Biosocial in Health Psychology
Kajeno, mokhoa o ka sehloohong o sebelisoang kelellong ea bophelo bo botle e tsebahala e le biosocial model.
Ho latela maikutlo ana, ho kula le bophelo bo botle li bakoa ke ho kopana ha lintho tse phelang, tsa kelello le tsa maemo a bophelo.
- Lintho tse amang lintho tse phelang li akarelletsa litšobotsi tsa botho le liphatsa tsa lefutso.
- Lisosa tsa kelello li akarelletsa mokhoa oa bophelo, litšobotsi tsa botho le khatello ea maikutlo.
- Litaba tsa sechaba li kenyeletsa lintho tse kang mekhatlo ea ts'ehetso ea sechaba, kamano ea malapa le litumelo tsa setso.
Phekolo ea Psychology e ka U Thusa Joang?
Setsebi sa bophelo bo botle ke tšimo e ntseng e hōla ka potlako. Ha palo e ntseng e eketseha ea batho e batla ho laola bophelo ba bona, batho ba bangata ba batla boitsebiso bo amanang le bophelo le lisebelisoa. Litsebi tsa kelello tsa bophelo bo botle li tsepamisitse maikutlo tabeng ea ho ruta batho ka bophelo ba bona le boiketlo ba bona, ka hona li loketse ho phethahatsa tlhoko ena e ntseng e eketseha.
Setsebi sa bophelo bo botle se ka thusa batho ka litsela tse sa tšoaneng. Litsebi tse ngata tšimong ena li sebetsa ka ho khetheha libakeng tsa thibelo le ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho thusa batho ho thibela mathata a bophelo pele ba qala. Sena se ka kenyelletsa ho thusa batho ho boloka boima bo botle, ho qoba boitšoaro bo kotsi kapa bo seng bobe 'me ba lule ba e-na le maikutlo a matle a ka loantšang khatello ea kelello, khatello ea maikutlo le matšoenyeho.
Lentsoe le Tsoang ho
Haeba u loanela ho etsa liphetoho tse ntle bophelong ba hau, ho sebetsana le bothata bona ba ho kula, kapa ho tobane le bothata ba mofuta o mong oa bophelo bo botle, ho bona setsebi sa kelello ea bophelo bo botle ke tsela e le 'ngoe ea ho u thusa ho qala ka leoto le letona. Ka ho buisana le e 'ngoe ea litsebi tsena, o ka fumana tšehetso le lisebelisoa tse etselitsoeng ho u thusa ho sebetsana ka katleho le boloetse ba hao le ho finyella lipakane tsa bophelo ba hau.
> Mehloli:
> Baum, A, Revenson, TA, & Singer, JE. Handbook of Health Psychology. New York: Khatiso ea Psychology; 2012.
> Brannon, L, Updegraff, JA, & Feist, J. Health Psychology: Selelekela sa Boitšoaro le Bophelo. Boston, MA: Ho ithuta ka Cengage; 2014.