Tse ling tsa likarolo tse ka sehloohong tsa ts'ebetso ea kelello ke efe? Psychology e fapane ka mokhoa o ikhethang ka libaka tse ngata tse khethehileng. Hangata litsebi tsa kelello li khetha ho khetheha sebakeng se ka tlaasana se tsepamisitseng maikutlo sehloohong se itseng ka hare ho kelello ea kelello. Tse ngata tsa libaka tsena tse ikhethileng tsa thuto ea kelello li hloka thuto ea mangolo sebakeng se itseng se thahasellisang. Ithute ho eketsehileng ka libaka tse ling tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tseo litsebi tsa kelello li sebetsang ka tsona.
A re ke re shebeng ka hloko libaka tse seng kae tse khethehileng tsa thuto ea kelello.
Clinical Psychology
Litsebi tsa kelello tsa bongaka ke tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa lefapheng la kelello. Lingaka ke litsebi tsa kelello tse hlahlobang, ho hlahloba le ho phekola mafu a kelello. Ba atisa ho sebetsa litsing tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello, mekhoa e ikemetseng kapa ea sehlopha kapa lipetlele.
Karolong ea litsebi tsa kelello ea bongaka, ho na le libaka tse ngata tse ikhethileng. Tse ling tsa litsebi ke li-generality mme li sebetsana le bareki ba bangata ha ba bang ba khethehile ho phekola mefuta e itseng ea mathata a kelello kapa sehlopha se itseng.
Ka mohlala, lingaka tse ling tsa mafu a kelello li ka 'na tsa sebetsa sepetleleng se nang le batho ba nang le likotsi tsa kelello kapa maemo a meriana. Litsebi tse ling tsa mafu a kelello li ka 'na tsa sebetsa setsi sa bophelo bo botle ba kelello ho eletsa batho kapa malapa a sebetsanang le khatello ea kelello, boloetse ba kelello, tšebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi kapa mathata a botho
Hangata litsebi tsa kelello tsa meriana li etsa mesebetsi e mengata ea letsatsi le letsatsi, joalo ka ho buisana le bakuli, ho etsa liteko, ho fana ka liteko tsa ho hlahloba, ho etsa psychotherapy le mananeo a tsamaiso. Litlhophiso tsa mosebetsi li ka fapana ho latela batho ba itseng bao lingaka li sebetsang le bona.
Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea mosebetsi e kenyelletsa lipetlele, likolo, liunivesithing, lichankaneng, litleliniki tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello le mekhoa ea botho.
Hape ho na le libaka tse fapaneng tse sa tšoaneng tse khethehileng ka kelello ea kelello, ho akarelletsa le kelello ea bophelo bo botle , lefu la methapo ea pelo le geropsychology.
Ho ea ka Occupational Outlook Handbook , litsebi tsa kelello tsa bophelo bo botle li tsepamisitse maikutlo ho ntlafatsa boitšoaro bo botle. Litsebi tsa maiketsetso li tsepamisitse maikutlo ho hlahloba kamano pakeng tsa boko le boitšoaro. Litsebi tsa li-Geropsychologists li ikemiselitse ho sebetsana le lithahasello tse khethehileng tsa batho ba hōlileng.
Ho eletsa Psychology
Litsebi tsa kelello tsa kelello li etsa karolo e 'ngoe e ikhethang ea thuto ea kelello. Litsebi tsena li etsa mesebetsi e mengata eo litsebi tsa kelello tsa lingaka li e etsang, empa litsebi tsa kelello li eletsa ho sebetsa le bareki ba nang le mefuta e fokolang ea mafu a kelello.
Keletso ea keletso ea kelello e tsepamisitse maikutlo ho fana ka phekolo ea meriana ho bareki ba nang le matšoao a sa tšoaneng. Mokhatlo oa Keletso ea Psychology e hlalosa tšimo e le "khethollo ea kelello e thusang ho sebetsa ka bomong le ho ikemela ho pholletsa le nako ea bophelo ka ho tsepamisa mohopolo maikutlong, sechabeng, mosebetsing, thuto, bophelo bo amanang le bophelo bo botle, tsoelo-pele le tlhophiso ea mokhatlo."
Kelello ea Psychology
Litsebi tsa kelello tsa maikutlo (kapa lipatlisiso tsa kelello) li etsa lipatlisiso mabapi le boitšoaro ba batho le liphoofolo. Ba atisa ho sebetsa liunivesithi, litsi tsa lipatlisiso tsa botho, mekhatlo ea 'muso le mekhatlo e se nang phaello. Likarolo tse ling tse kholo tsa lipatlisiso li kenyelletsa ho sebelisa lithethefatsi hampe, liphatsa tsa lefutso, li-neuroscience, tšusumetso le ts'ebetso ea mohopolo.
Forensic Psychology
Litsebi tsa kelello litsebi tsa kelello li sebetsa sebakeng se khethehileng se sebetsanang le liphapano tsa psychology le molao. Hangata litsebi tsa kelello tsa litsebi tsa kelello li kenngoa litabeng tsa litlamong, litlaleho tsa inshorense le litlōlo tsa molao. Litsebi tse ling li sebetsa makhotleng a malapa 'me li fana ka litšebeletso tsa psychotherapy, li etsa tlhahlobo ea bana, li hlahloba litlaleho tsa tlhekefetso ea bana le boitšoaro ba ho etela likotsi.
Ba sebetsang makhotleng a sechaba ba atisa ho hlahloba bokhoni, ho fana ka maikutlo a mabeli le ho fana ka maikutlo a kelello ho bahlaseluoa ba tlōlo ea molao. Litsebi tse sebetsang makhotleng a tlōlo ea molao li etsa litekanyetso tsa bokhoni ba kelello, ho sebetsa le lipaki tsa bana le ho fana ka liteko tsa batlōli ba bana le ba baholo.
Liphello tsa Batho Psychology
Lintho tsa botho ke sebaka se khethehileng sa kelello e tsepamisitseng lihlooho tse sa tšoaneng, ho kenyeletsa le ergonomic, tšireletseho ea sebaka sa mosebetsi, phoso ea batho, sebopeho sa lihlahisoa, bokhoni ba batho le puisano ea batho. Ha e le hantle, mabitso a batho le a ergonomic hangata a sebelisoa ka mokhoa o tšoanang, ka mabaka a batho a sebelisoang hangata United States le ergonomics Europe.
Lintho tsa botho li kenyeletsa ho sebelisa melao-motheo ea kelello ho theha lihlahisoa le ho etsa libaka tsa mosebetsi tse matlafatsang tlhahiso ha ho fokotsa mathata a polokeho. Tšimo ea batho e qalile nakong ea Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše, ha litsebi tse ngata li sebetsa hammoho ho ntlafatsa tšireletso ea lifofane. Ho tloha ka nako eo, lisosa tsa botho tsa kelello li 'nile tsa tsoela pele ho hōla' me kajeno li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa likarolong tse ling tse ngata, ho kenyelletsa khomphutha, tlhahiso, lihlahisoa tsa lihlahisoa, boenjiniere, liindasteri tsa sesole le tsa 'muso.
Theknoloji-Mokhatlo oa Psychology
Theknoloji-e hlophisitsoeng mosebetsing e lebisa tlhokomelo ho boits'oaro ba mosebetsing 'me ke e' ngoe ea libaka tse khethehileng tse ntseng li hōla ka potlako ho tsa kelello. Mokhatlo oa Litsebi tsa Maiketsetso oa Liphoofolo le Tsa Mokhatlo (SIOP) o hlalosa "Psychology" e le "tšimo" e "leka ho utloisisa le ho lekanya boitšoaro ba batho ho ntlafatsa kholiseho ea basebetsi mosebetsing oa bona, bokhoni ba bahiri ba ho khetha le ho khothaletsa batho ba molemo ka ho fetisisa, Sebetsa se molemo bakeng sa banna le basali ba sebetsang moo. "
Tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha ea litsebi tsa kelello tse nang le tsebo e entse hore ho be le keketseho lenaneong la mananeo a univesithing a fanang ka likarolo ka lisebelisoa tsa indasteri-mokhatlo. IO litsebi tsa kelello li etsa mesebetsi e fapa-fapaneng, ho kenyeletsa ho hira basebetsi ba tšoanelehang, ho etsa liteko, ho etsa lihlahisoa, ho etsa lithupelo le ho etsa lipatlisiso likarolong tse fapaneng tsa mosebetsi.
Sekolo sa Psychology
Litsebi tsa kelello tsa sekolo ke karolo ea sebaka se ikhethang se kenyang ho sebetsa ka har'a tsamaiso ea thuto ho thusa bana ba nang le maikutlo a maikutlo, a sechaba le a thuto. Sepheo sa kelello ea sekolo ke ho sebelisana le batsoali, matichere le liithuti ho ntlafatsa tikoloho e ntle ea thuto e shebaneng le litlhoko tsa bana. Litsebi tsa kelello tsa sekolo li sebetsana le liithuti le lihlopha tsa liithuti ho sebetsana le mathata a boitšoaro, mathata a thuto, bokooa le litaba tse ling. Ba boetse ba sebetsa le matichere le batsoali ho hlaolela mekhoa ea ho sebetsana le boitšoaro ba lapeng le ka tlelaseng. Mesebetsi e meng e kenyeletsa ho koetlisa liithuti, batsoali le matichere mabapi le ho sebetsana le maemo a mahlomola le mathata a lithethefatsi.
Psychology Social
Litsebi tsa mafu a kelello li tsepamisitse maikutlo tabeng ea hore na ho sebelisana joang le batho ba bang ho ama boitšoaro ba batho ka bomong le ba sehlopha. Hangata litsebi tsena li sebetsa libakeng tse kang lipatlisiso tsa marakeng, tsamaiso ea mokhatlo, tsamaiso ea mekhoa le libaka tse ling tse sebelisitsoeng. Libaka tse kholo tsa thuto li kenyeletsa boitšoaro ba sehlopha, boeta-pele, maikutlo le maikutlo.
Tlhaloso:
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Lefapheng la Basebetsi la United States, Lefapha la Mosebetsi oa Maiketsetso oa United States, Khatiso ea 2016-17, Lingaka tsa Mahlale, Inthaneteng ho http://www.bls.gov/ooh/life-physical-and-social-science/psychologists.htm