5 Lintho Tse Khōlō tsa Botho
Litsebi tse ngata tsa kelello tsa botho tsa mehleng ea kajeno li lumela hore ho na le litekanyo tse hlano tsa motheo tsa botho, hangata li bitsoa "Litšoaneleho tsa botho tse 5". Litšobotsi tse hlano tse pharaletseng tse hlalositsoeng ke khopolo ke ho ts'ehetsa, ho lumellana, ho buleha, ho ba hlokolosi, le ho ba le bothata.
Litloaelo tsa boitšoaro tsa botho li 'nile tsa leka ho senya hantle hore na ho na le litšobotsi life tsa botho.
Likhopolo tsa pele li bontšitse palo e fapa-fapaneng ea litšobotsi tse ka khonehang, ho kenyelletsa lethathamo la Gordon Allport la litšobotsi tsa botho ba 4 000 , lintlha tsa botho ba Raymond Cattell , le lintlha tse tharo tsa Hans Eysenck.
Leha ho le joalo, bafuputsi ba bangata ba ne ba nahana hore khopolo ea Cattell e ne e le thata haholo 'me Eysenck e ne e le ea fokolang haholo. Ka lebaka leo, khopolo-taba e mehlano e hlahile ho hlalosa mekhoa ea bohlokoa e sebetsang e le botho ba botho.
Ke Mefuta e Mehlano e Mehlano ea Botho?
Kajeno, bafuputsi ba bangata ba lumela hore ke litšoaneleho tse hlano tsa botho. Bopaki ba khopolo ena bo 'nile ba eketseha ka lilemo tse ngata, ho qala ka lipatlisiso tsa DW Fiske (1949)' me hamorao ba atolosoa ke bafuputsi ba akarelletsang Norman (1967), Smith (1967), Goldberg (1981), le McCrae & Costa (1987) ).
"Tse kholo tse hlano" ke mekhoa e pharaletseng ea litšobotsi tsa botho. Le hoja ho na le lingoliloeng tsa bohlokoa tse tšehetsang mokhoa ona oa mefuta e mehlano ea botho, bafuputsi ha ba lumellane kamehla ka litlhaku tse tobileng bakeng sa ntlha e 'ngoe le e' ngoe.
U ka 'na ua fumana ho le molemo ho sebelisa OCEAN (ho buleha, ho ba hlokolosi, ho feteletsa maikutlo, ho lumellana, le ho ba le maikutlo a mabeli) ha u leka ho hopola mekhoa e mehlano e meholo.
Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ntlha e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea botho bo bohlano e emela phapang pakeng tsa tse peli tse feteletseng. Ho etsa mohlala, ho ts'oaroa ha setšoantšo ho emela phapang pakeng tsa ho fetela ho feteletseng le ho kenyelletsa maikutlo .
Lefatšeng la sebele, batho ba bangata ba robala kae-kae pakeng tsa meeli e 'meli ea polar ea ntlha ka' ngoe.
Likarolo tsena tse hlano li atisa ho hlalosoa ka tsela e latelang.
Ho buleha
Tšobotsi ena e na le litšobotsi tse kang ho nahanisisa le temohisiso, 'me ba phahameng tšobotsing ena ba boetse ba na le lithahasello tse ngata. Batho ba nang le tšobotsi ena ba atisa ho ba le boiketlo le boqapi . Batho ba tlase ka mokhoa ona hangata ba tloaelehile ebile ba ka 'na ba loantšana le monahano o sa bonahaleng.
Batho ba phahameng ka ho ts'oanela ho buleha ka bolokolohi ba tloaelehile:
- Ho bōpa haholo
- Bula ho leka lintho tse ncha
- E tsepamisitse maikutlo ho sebetsana le mathata a macha
- Ho thaba ho nahana ka likhopolo tse sa tsejoeng
Ba fokolang tšobotsi ena:
- Hana ho fetoha
- U se ke ua thabela lintho tse ncha
- Qoba likhopolo tse ncha
- Ha e nahane haholo
- Ha e rate lintlha tse sa utloahaleng kapa likhopolo-taba
Ho ba hlokolosi
Lintlha tse tloaelehileng tsa khanya ena li kenyelletsa maemo a phahameng a ho nahanela, ka ho laola tsela e nepahetseng ea boitšoaro le boitšoaro bo tsamaisitsoeng. Ho ba hlokolosi haholo ho na le tlhophiso e hlophisehileng le ho hopola lintlha.
Ba ts'oanang le ts'ebeliso ea matsoalo a ts'ebeliso ea matsoho ba boetse ba atisa ho:
- Sebelisa nako ho lokisetsa
- Qetella mesebetsi ea bohlokoa hang-hang
- Ela hloko lintlha
- Thabela ho ba le kemiso e behiloeng
Batho ba seng ba le boemong bo joalo ba atisa ho:
- Ha u rate sebopeho le litlhophiso
- Etsa litšila mme u se hlokomele lintho
- Ho hlōleha ho khutlisetsa lintho kapa ho li khutlisetsa moo li leng teng
- Mesebetsi ea bohlokoa ea Procrastinate
- Ho hlōleha ho tlatsa lintho tseo ba lokelang ho li etsa
Khatiso
Tlhahiso-pele e khetholloa ka ho khotsofatsa, ho ba le botsitso, ho bua, ho tiisa, le ho ba le maikutlo a phahameng a maikutlo. Batho ba nang le ts'ebetso e phahameng ba e-ba teng 'me ba atisa ho fumana matla maemong a sechaba. Batho ba fokolang (kapa ba kenyelletsoeng) ba atisa ho ba ba bolokehileng haholo mme ba tlameha ho sebelisa matla maemong a sechaba.
Batho ba bonang boleng bo phahameng ka ho fetisetsoa ho tloaelehile ho:
- Thabela ho ba bohareng ba tlhokomelo
- Joaloka ho qala meqoqo
- Thabela ho kopana le batho ba bacha
- E-na le metsoalle e mengata le batho bao u ba tsebang
- Fumana ho le bonolo ho etsa metsoalle e mecha
- Ikutloe u le matla ha ba le haufi le batho ba bang
- Bua lintho pele ba nahana ka bona
Batho ba fanang ka tekanyo e tlaase ea ho tlatlapa ho tloaelehile ho:
- Khetha ho ba boinotšing
- Utloa eka u khathetse ha ba tlameha ho tloaelana haholo
- Fumana ho le thata ho qala meqoqo
- Ha u rate ho etsa puo e nyenyane
- Hlahloba ka hloko lintho pele u bua
- Ha u rate ho ba bohareng ba tlhokomelo
Ho lumellana
Boemo bona bo na le litšobotsi tse kang ho tšepa, ho hloka boithati , mosa, lerato le mekhoa e meng ea boitšoaro . Batho ba lumellanang haholo ba atisa ho sebelisana hantle ha ba ntse ba le tlas'a maemo a joalo ba atisa ho ba le tlhōlisano le ho etsa lintho tse ling.
Batho ba nang le tšobotsi e kholo ea ho lumellana ba atisa ho:
- E-ba le thahasello e kholo ho batho ba bang
- Tlhokomelo ka ba bang
- Utloa kutloelo-bohloko le ho ameha ka batho ba bang
- Thabela ho thusa le ho tlatsetsa thabong ea batho ba bang
Ba seng ba le tlaase tšobotsing ena ba atisa ho:
- U se ke ua thahasella ba bang
- U se tsotelle hore na batho ba bang ba ikutloa joang
- U se ke ua thahasella mathata a batho ba bang
- Ho nyelisa le ho nyenyefatsa ba bang
Neuroticism
Neuroticism ke tšobotsi e khetholloang ke ho hlonama, ho ithabisa, le ho se tsitse maikutlong. Batho ba nang le tšobotsi ena ba atisa ho ba le maikutlo a ho feto-fetoha ha maikutlo, ho tšoenyeha, ho teneha le ho hlomoha. Ba theohelang tšobotsing ena ba atisa ho tsitsa le ho tsitsisa maikutlong.
Batho ba nang le bothata bo botle ba maikutlo ba atisa ho:
- Fumana khatello e ngata
- Tšoenyeha ka lintho tse ngata tse fapaneng
- Halefisa habonolo
- Fumana liphetoho tse tsotehang maikutlong
- Ikutloe u tšoenyehile
Ba seng ba le tlase tšobotsing ena ba atisa ho:
- E tsitsitse maikutlong
- Sebetsana hantle le khatello ea kelello
- Hangata u ikutloe u hlomohile kapa u nyahame
- U se ke ua tšoenyeha haholo
- E phutholohile haholo
Na Mekhoa e Mehlano e Meholo ea Bokahohle?
McCrae le basebetsi-'moho le eena ba fumane hore litšobotsi tse hlano tse kholo li boetse li na le bokahohleng. Phuputso e 'ngoe e neng e sheba batho ba tsoang litsoeng tse fapaneng tse fetang 50 e fumane hore litekanyo tse hlano li ka sebelisoa hantle ho hlalosa botho.
Ho itšetlehile ka phuputso ena, litsebi tsa kelello tse ngata hona joale li lumela hore litekanyo tse hlano tsa botho ha li felle feela; li boetse li na le tlhaho ea likokoana-hloko. Setsebi sa kelello David Buss o hlalositse hore tlhaloso ea ho iphetola hoa litšobotsi tsena tse hlano tsa botho, e fana ka maikutlo a hore litšobotsi tsa botho tsena li emela litšobotsi tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tse hlahisang sebaka sa rona sechabeng.
Ke Lintho Life Tse Susumetsang Mekhoa e Mehlano e Meholo?
Lipatlisiso li bontša hore litšusumetso tse peli tsa likokoana-hloko le tsa tikoloho li phetha karolo ea ho bōpa botho ba rona. Liphuputso tse peli li bontša hore tlhaho le tlhokomelo li phetha karolo ea ho ntlafatsa e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea lintlha tse hlano tsa botho.
Phuputso e 'ngoe ea liphatsa tsa lefutso le tsa tikoloho ea mekhoa e mehlano e ne e sheba lipaha tse 123 tsa mafahla a tšoanang le lipaha tse 127 tsa mafahla a mor'abo rona. Liphuputso li ile tsa fana ka maikutlo a hore phetoho ea tšobotsi e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e ne e le karolo ea 53 lekholong bakeng sa ho tlatsetsa, karolo ea 41 lekholong ea ho lumellana, karolo ea 44 lekholong bakeng sa letsoalo,
Liphuputso tsa nako e telele li boetse li fana ka maikutlo a hore litšobotsi tsena tse hlano tsa botho li atisa ho tsitsa ha li ntse li le batho ba baholo. Phuputso e 'ngoe ea batho ba baholo ba sebetsang e fumane hore botho bo ne bo tsitsitse ka nako ea lilemo tse' nè 'me bo bontšitsoe phetoho e fokolang ka lebaka la liketsahalo tse bohloko bophelong.
Liphuputso li bontšitse hore ho nonoa ha motsoako ho ka ba le tšusumetso ho mekhoa e mehlano. Ha batho ba ntse ba hōla, ba atisa ho fokolloa, ho se na methapo ea maikutlo, le ho se bulehe ho ba le phihlelo. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho lumellana le ho ba le boikemisetso, ho atisa ho eketseha ha batho ba ntse ba hōla.
Lentsoe le Tsoang ho
Kamehla hopola hore boitšoaro bo akarelletsa ho sebelisana pakeng tsa botho ba motho le mekhoa ea boemo ba hae. Boemo boo motho a ikutloang a le bona bo bapala karolo e kholo ea kamoo motho eo a arabelang kateng. Leha ho le joalo, maemong a mangata, batho ba fana ka likarabo tse lumellanang le litšobotsi tsa bona tsa botho.
Litekanyo tsena li emela libaka tse kholo tsa botho. Lipatlisiso li bontšitse hore lihlopha tsena tsa litšobotsi li atisa ho etsahala hammoho ho batho ba bangata. Ka mohlala, batho ba nang le botsoalle ba atisa ho bua. Leha ho le joalo, litšobotsi tsena hase kamehla li etsahalang hammoho. Botho bo rarahaneng ebile bo fapane 'me motho e mong le e mong a ka' na a bontša boitšoaro bo bongata bo bongata ba litekanyo tsena.
> Mohloli
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> Lang, KL, Livesley, WJ, & Vemon, PA. Ho ikamahanya le maemo a maholo a botho ba mehlano le likarolo tsa bona: Thuto ea mafahla. Journal of Personality. 1996; 64 (3): 577-591.
> Marsh, HW, Nagengast, B, & Morin, AJS. Ho se lekane ha lintlha tse kholo tse hlano ho feta nako ea bophelo: Liteko tsa ESEM tsa tekano, lilemo, polasetiki, kholo e kholo, le liphello tsa dolce vita. Psychology e Tsoelang pele . 2013; 49 (6): 1194-1218.
> McCrae, RR, Terracciano, A., le Litho tsa Boemo Litlaleho tsa Lits'oants'o tsa Mokhoa. Litšobotsi tsa bokahohle tsa litšobotsi tsa botho ho latela pono ea motho ea shebelang maikutlo: Ditaba tse tsoang litsoeng tse 50 tse fapaneng. Journal of Personality le Psychology Social. 2005; 88: 547-561.