Ha o utloa lentsoe le bohlale, mohopolo oa IQ ho hlahloba o ka 'na oa hopola hang-hang. Hangata bohlale bo hlalosoa e le bokhoni ba rona ba kelello; ntho eo re tsoaloang ka eona, ntho e ka lekanyetsoang, le matla a thata ho fetoha. Leha ho le joalo, lilemong tsa morao tjena, maikutlo a mang a bohlale a hlahile. E 'ngoe ea maikutlo a joalo ke khopolo ea mahlale a mangata a hlahisoang ke setsebi sa kelello sa Harvard, Howard Gardner.
Thuto ea Intelligences Tse ngata
Khopolo ena e fana ka maikutlo a hore maikutlo a tloaelehileng a metsoako ea kelello a fokolloa haholo. Gardner o ile a hlalosa taba ea hae pele ka buka ea 1983 ea "Frames of Mind: Theory of Multiple Intelligences," moo a ileng a re batho bohle ba na le mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea "intelligences." Gardner o ile a etsa tlhahiso ea hore ho na le li-intelligences tse robeli, 'me o bontšitse hore ho ka khoneha ho eketsoa ha karolo ea borobong e tsejoang e le "bohlale ba existentialist."
E le hore a fumane bokhoni bo feletseng ba litsebo le litalenta tseo batho ba nang le tsona, Gardner o bolela hore batho ha ba na matla a kelello feela, empa ba na le mefuta e mengata ea bohlale, ho akarelletsa le 'mino, batho ba bang, batho ba phelang libakeng tse ling, ba bonang lipono le lipuo tsa lipuo.
Le hoja motho a ka 'na a ba matla haholo-holo sebakeng se itseng, joaloka lisebelisoa tsa' mino, mohlomong o na le bokhoni bo bongata. Ka mohlala, motho a ka 'na a ba matla ka mantsoe, lipina le bohlale ba tlhaho.
Ho nyatsuoa
Maikutlo a Gardner a hlaseloa ke litsebi tsa kelello le barupeli. Bahlahlobisisi bana ba bolela hore tlhaloso ea Gardner ea bohlale ke e pharaletseng le hore "li-intelligences" tsa hae tse robeli li mpa li emela litalenta, litšobotsi tsa botho le bokhoni. Maikutlo a Gardner a boetse a na le bothata ba ho se tšehetse lipatlisiso tse matla.
Ho sa tsotellehe sena, khopolo ea li-intelligences tse ngata e rata botumo le matichere. Matichere a mangata a sebelisa li-intelligences tse ngata lithutong tsa bona tsa ho ruta le ho sebetsa ho kenyelletsa khopolo ea Gardner ka tlelaseng.
Ho ithuta ho eketsehileng ka li-intelligences tse ngata ho ka u thusa hore u utloisise hantle matla a hau. Tsoela pele ho bala ho ithuta ho eketsehileng ka litšoaneleho tse kholo tsa mofuta o mong le o mong oa bohlale, 'me haeba u ntse u sa tsebe hore na mofuta ofe o u hlalosetsa hantle, lipotso tsena li ka u thusa hore u li tsebe.
1 - Ponahalo-Bohahlauli ba Sebaka
Matlafatso: Kahlolo ea mahlo le ea sebaka
Batho ba nang le matla a ho bona-ba bohlale ba sebaka se setle ba ntle ho bona lintho. Hangata batho bana ba na le litaelo hammoho le limmapa, lichate, livideo le litšoantšo.
Litšobotsi
Litšobotsi tsa lisebelisoa tsa boikutlo-libaka li kenyelletsa:
- Thabela ho bala le ho ngola
- Ke hantle ho kenya lipise hammoho
- Molemo oa ho fetolela litšoantšo, lirafu le lichate
- Thabela ho taka, ho penta, le litšoantšo tsa bonono
- O lemoha mokhoa o bonolo habonolo
Likgetho tse ka khonehang tsa mosebetsi
Haeba o matla maemong a bonahalang a tlhahiso-pele, khetho e ntle ea mosebetsi bakeng sa hau ke:
- Moqapi oa litsebi
- Moqapi
- Moenjiniere
2 - Linguistic-Verbal Intelligence
Matla: Mantsoe, puo le ho ngola
Batho ba nang le matla a ho bua lipuo-puo ba khona ho sebelisa mantsoe hantle, ka bobeli ha ba ngola le ho bua. Batho bana ba tloaetse ho ngola lipale, ho hopola boitsebiso, le ho bala.
Litšobotsi
Litšobotsi tsa lipuo-tsebo ea mantsoe li kenyelletsa:
- Ho molemo ho hopola tlhahisoleseding e ngotsoeng le e buuoeng
- Thabela ho bala le ho ngola
- Molemo oa ho phehisana khang kapa ho fana ka lipuo tse susumetsang
- O khona ho hlalosa hantle hantle
- Hangata o sebelisa bosoaso ha a bolella lipale
Likgetho tse ka khonehang tsa mosebetsi
Haeba u le matla lipuong tsa lipuo-puo, khetho e ntle ea mosebetsi bakeng sa hau ke:
- Mongoli / moqolotsi oa litaba
- Ramolao
- Mosuoe
3 - Litsela-Mathematical Intelligence
Matlafatso: Ho hlahloba mathata le ts'ebetso ea lipalo
Batho ba nang le matla a bohlale ba lipalo ba na le molemo oa ho beha mabaka, ho hlokomela mekhoa, le ho hlahloba mathata ka mokhoa o utloahalang. Batho bana ba atisa ho nahana ka mekhoa, likamano le mekhoa.
Litšobotsi
Litšobotsi tsa tsebo e bohlale-tsa lipalo li kenyelletsa:
- Tsebo ea ho rarolla mathata
- Thabela ho nahana ka maikutlo a sa hlakang
- Ho rata ho etsa liteko tsa saense
- Ho molemo ho rarolla liqeto tse rarahaneng
Likgetho tse ka khonehang tsa mosebetsi
Haeba u le matla ka bohlale ba lipalo bo botle, khetho e ntle ea mosebetsi bakeng sa hau ke:
- Setsebi
- Setsebi sa lipalo
- Moqapi oa k'homphieutha
- Moenjiniere
- Mookameli
4 - Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence
Matla: Thuto ea 'mele, motlakase
Ba nang le tsebo e phahameng ea 'meleng ba boleloa hore ba le motle mofuteng oa' mele, ba etsa liketso, le ho laola 'mele. Batho ba matla sebakeng sena ba atisa ho ba le ts'ebeliso e ntle ea mahlo le mahlo.
Litšobotsi
Litšobotsi tsa bohlale ba 'meleng-kinesthetic li akarelletsa:
- Molemo ho tantša le lipapali
- Thabela ho bōpa lintho ka matsoho
- Tšebelisano e ntle ea 'mele
- O atisa ho hopola ka ho etsa, ho e-na le ho utloa kapa ho bona
Likgetho tse ka khonehang tsa mosebetsi
Haeba u le matla bohlaleng ba 'meleng, botumo bo botle bakeng sa hao ke:
- Dancer
- Mohahi
- Moetsi oa litšoantšo
- Moetsi
5 - Musical Intelligence
Matla: Pina le 'mino
Batho ba nang le tsebo e matla ea 'mino ba na le molemo oa ho nahana ka mekhoa, lipina le melumo. Ba na le kananelo e matla bakeng sa 'mino' me ba atisa ho ba motheong oa 'mino le ts'ebetso.
Litšobotsi
Litšobotsi tsa lisebelisoa tsa 'mino li kenyelletsa:
- Thabela ho bina le ho bapala liletsa tsa 'mino
- O tseba mekhoa ea 'mino le lithane habonolo
- Ke hantle ho hopola lipina le lipina
- Kutloisiso e ruileng ea sebōpeho sa mino, pina, le lintlha
Likgetho tse ka khonehang tsa mosebetsi
Haeba u le matla ho tsebo ea 'mino, khetho e ntle ea mosebetsi bakeng sa hau ke:
- 'Mino
- Moqapi
- Moqapi
- Mosuoe oa 'Mino
- Motsamaisi
6 - Interpersonal Intelligence
Matla: Ho utloisisa le ho amana le batho ba bang
Ba nang le tsebo e matla ea botho ba molemo ho utloisisa le ho sebelisana le batho ba bang. Batho bana ba na le bokhoni ba ho hlahloba maikutlo , litsebo, litakatso le boikemisetso ba ba potolohileng.
Litšobotsi
Litšoaneleho tsa bohlale ba batho ba kenyeletsa:
- Ho molemo ho buisana ka mantsoe
- O na le tsebo ea puisano e sa bueng
- O bona maemo maemong a fapaneng
- E etsa likamano tse ntle le ba bang
- E ntle ho rarolla liqabang ka lihlopha
Likgetho tse ka khonehang tsa mosebetsi
Haeba o le matla ka bohlale ba batho ba bang, khetho e ntle ea mosebetsi bakeng sa hau ke:
- Setsebi sa kelello
- Rafilosofi
- Moeletsi
- Morekisi
- Setsepolotiki
7 - Intrapersonal Intelligence
Matlafatso: Ho ipeha maikutlo le ho nahanisisa
Batho ba nang le matla a ho ba le tsebo e ntle ba bona ba molemo ho lemoha maikutlo a bona, maikutlo le boikemisetso ba bona. Ba atisa ho thabela ho nahanisisa le ho hlahloba, ho kenyellets'etsa nako, ho hlahloba likamano le ba bang, le ho hlahloba matla a bona a botho.
Litšobotsi
Litšoaneleho tsa tsebo ea botho li kenyelletsa:
- Molemo ho hlahloba matla le mefokolo ea hae
- Thabela ho hlahloba likhopolo le likhopolo
- Molemo oa ho itlhokomela
- O utloisisa ka ho hlaka motheo oa seo a se susumetsang le maikutlo a hae
Likgetho tse ka khonehang tsa mosebetsi
Haeba u le matla ho bohlale ba batho ba bang, khetho e ntle ea mosebetsi bakeng sa hau ke:
- Rafilosofi
- Mongoli
- Theorist
- Setsebi
8 - Tlhaho ea tlhaho ea tlhaho
Matla: Ho fumana mekhoa le likamano ho tlhaho
Tlhaho ea tlhaho ke eona e kenyelletsang maikutlo a Gardner 'me e kopane le ho hanyetsa ho feta li-intelligences tsa hae tsa pele tse supileng. Ho ea ka Gardner, batho ba nang le tsebo ea mofuta ona haholo ba na le litloaelo tsa tlhaho 'me hangata ba thahasella ho hlokomela, ho hlahloba tikoloho le ho ithuta ka mefuta e meng. Batho bana ba boleloa ba tseba hantle esita le liphetoho tse poteletseng maemong a bona.
Litšobotsi
Litšobotsi tsa bohlale ba tlhaho li kenyelletsa:
- Ho thahasella lihlooho tse kang botanyane, biology, le likokoana-hloko
- Ho molemo ho arola le ho ngolisa boitsebiso habonolo
- E ka thabela ho hloma liahelo, ho lema, ho tsamaea le ho hlahloba ka ntle
- Ha a thabela ho ithuta litaba tse sa tloaelehang tse sa amaneng le tlhaho
Likgetho tse ka khonehang tsa mosebetsi
Haeba o matla ho bohlale ba tlhaho, tlhahiso e ntle ea mosebetsi bakeng sa hau ke:
- Setsebi sa baeloji
- Mohlokomeli oa lipolotiki
- Serapa sa serapa
- Sehoai
> Mehloli:
> Gardner H. Intelligence Reframed: Intelligences e ngata bakeng sa lekholo la bo21 la lilemo. New York: Libuka Tsa Motheo; 1999.
> Gardner H. Lintho tse ngata tsa Intelligences . E hatisitsoe ka 2004.
> Gardner H. Frames of Mind: Theory of Multiple Intelligences. New York: Libuka Tsa Motheo; 1983.
> Gardner H. Lintlheng Tse Tharo tsa Bohlale. Daedalus. Mariha 2002; 131 (1): 139-142.