Na ho na le kamano pakeng tsa anorexia / bulimia le mafahla?
Na ho na le kamano pakeng tsa mathata a ho ja le mafahla? Ho hlahloba ka potlako ho lihlooho ho bonahala eka ho amahanya lihlooho tse peli. Tlhokomelo e mengata ea sechaba e ne e lebisitsoe tlhokomelo tabeng ena ha Maria-Kate Olsen, halofo ea tummeng ea tummeng ea tummeng, a kenngoa sepetlele bakeng sa ho phekoloa ke bothata ba ho ja ka June 2004. Ho phaella moo, batho ba tummeng ba mehleng ea Sia le Shane, "Barbi Twins" bulimia e loantšanang.
Na boemo ba bona joaloka mafahla bo amana le mathata a bona? Ha e le hantle, phuputso ea 2014 e fumanoe hore phuputsong ea batho ba fetang limilione tse peli, bana ba neng ba le ba bangata ba ne ba e-na le monyetla o moholo oa ho fumanoa ba e-na le bothata ba ho ja.
Bothata ba ho ja ke eng?
Ho ja lijo tse kang anorexia nervosa (ho ipolaea), bulimia nervosa (potoloho ea ho ja lijo tse tlatlapuoang ka morao ka ho hloekisa ka ho hlatsa kapa ho sebelisa li-laxatives) le ho ja joala (ho pheta-pheta, ho qobella ho ja lijo) ke mathata a akarelletsang maikutlo a feteletseng, maikutlo le boitšoaro boima bo potolohileng le lijo. Ha motho leha e le mang a ka hlaseloa ke mathata ana a senyang, ba nang le bothata ba tloaelehileng ke basali ho tloha bohareng ba bocha. Ho ea ka National Eating Disorder Association, ho hakanngoa hore batho ba ka bang limilione tse 20 ba batona le ba limilione tse 10 ba utloa bohloko ka lebaka la ho kula ha nako e itseng.
Ke'ng e bakang mathata a ho ja?
Ke maemo a rarahaneng a hlahang ka ho kopanya boitšoaro, maikutlo, kelello, likamano tsa batho le maemo a bophelo.
Le hoja bo-rasaense ba sa tsebe hantle hore na ke eng e etsang hore motho a se ke a phela hantle a bile a sa phekolehe, ho ithuta hangata ho ba file lintlha tse mabapi le liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa lefu lena. Phuputso e entsoeng ka lihlopha tse fetang 1 000 tsa mafahla a basali ke Medical College ea Virginia e thusitse bo-rasaense hore ba fumane lisosa tsa bolimia.
Phuputso ea bona e bontšitse hore mafahla a tšoanang (kapa monozygotic) a na le bothata bo phahameng haholo ba mahlomola ho feta mafahla a bara ba motho. Hobane mafahla a tšoanang a arolelana liphatsa tsa lefutso (a na le DNA e tšoanang), bo-rasaense ba entse hore ho lumellane hore ho ba le karolo ea lefutso ho phetha karolo ea bohlokoa lefats'eng lena.
Tse ling tsa lintho tse ling tsa maikutlo, tsa kelello le tsa tikoloho tse bakang mathata a ho ja li ka 'na tsa etsa hore mafahla le li-multiple li hlaseloe. Ka mohlala:
- Maikutlo a ho hloka taolo bophelong
- Histori ea ho songoa kapa ho songoa ho latela boholo
- Meetlo ea meetlo e ananela batho ka tsela eo ba shebahalang ka eona.
- Ho eketsa botho
Mafahla a ntse a bapisoa kamehla, 'me hangata litšobotsi tsa bona tsa nama ke motheo oa ho bapisa le ho bapisa. Ho sa tsotellehe hore na ba tšoane hakae, sechaba se tla leka ho khetholla lefahla le leng le le leng "le leholoanyane," "le fokolang," kapa le "ntle haholo". Batho ba bangata ba ka 'na ba ikutloa ba susumelletseha hore ba fetohele litlaleho tse joalo, kapa ba leke ho laola ponahalo ea bona ka ho sebelisa lijo ho lefa. Hobane li lula li bapisoa le motho e mong, li ka 'na tsa e-ba le setšoantšo sa' mele se fosahetseng, ka linako tsohle se iponahatsa se amana le lifahleho tsa bona ho e-na le ho ba le maikutlo a sebele a bona ka bomong.
Liphello tsa mathata a ho ja ke afe?
Mathata a ho ja a ka bolaea. Ha motho ea nang le matla a ho bolaoa ke lefu a itšoarella, 'mele oa hae o haneloa ke limatlafatsi tse hlokahalang. 'Mele o fokotsa lits'ebetso tsohle tsa oona ho boloka matla, ho beha motho ea kotsing kotsing ea mokhathala, ho fokola, ho lahleheloa ke moriri, ho lahleheloa ke mesifa, ho senyeha ha lesapo' me qetellong, ho hloleha ha pelo. Bulimia e lebisa ho se leka-lekaneng ha elektrolyte, ho bola ha leino, lisosa tsa peptic, ho felloa ke matla 'meleng' me ho ka ba le monyetla oa ho phatloha ka mpeng, ho senyeha ha setopo le pancreatis. Likotsi tse ngata tsa nako e telele tsa bophelo bo botle li ka ts'ehetsoa, esita le ka mor'a hore bulimic e khaotse ho potlakela ho tsuba le ho hloekisa, mohlala: khatello e phahameng ea mali, k'holeseterole e phahameng, lefu la tsoekere le lefu la pelo.
Batsoali ba ka etsa'ng ho sireletsa mafahla a bona?
Mokhatlo oa National Eating Disorders Association (NEDA) o etsa litlhahiso tseo batsoali ba ka li sebelisang ho thibela mathata a ho ja ho bana ba bona. Li akarelletsa:
- Ruta bana ba hau ka ho boima le ho kopanela liphate.
- Qoba ho hatella botle le sebōpeho sa 'mele.
- Bua ka bohlokoa ba lijo tse nang le phepo e nepahetseng, hammoho le boikoetliso bo itekanetseng.
- Tseba le ho thusa bana ho hanyetsa litsela tseo mecha ea phatlalatso e hlahisang litšoantšo ho latela mofuta oa 'mele.
- Khothaletsa boitlhompho le boitlhompho ka ho fana ka menyetla le khothatso.
Ho phaella moo, batsoali ba ka behela bana ba bona mohlala o motle. U se ke ua utloa bohloko ba lik'hilograma tse eketsehileng tsa bokhachane kapa nitpick liphoso tsa 'mele oa hao ka pel'a bana ba hau. Qoba fad dieting, empa ho e-na le ho sebelisa bophelo bo botle ba lelapa lohle.
Qetellong, tšoara mafahla a hau kapa li-multiples joaloka batho ka bomong. Le hoja ba ke ke ba phonyoha litšoantšiso tse etsoang ke sechaba, ba lokela ho ikutloa hore ba ananeloa ka litlhoko tsa bona lapeng. Qoba ho totobatsa phapang ea bona, haholo ha ba ntse ba hōla le ho ntshetsa pele; ho e-na le hoo, keteka likarolo tsa bona tse khethehileng le bokhoni ba bona
Lisebelisoa:
Berrettini, W., "The Genetics of Eating Disorders." Psychiatry (Edgmont). 2004, pg. 18.
Goodman, A., le. al. "Mekhatlo Pakeng tsa Litšobotsi Tsa Tsoalo le Mathata a Lijo Tseleng ea Bophelo: Lipatlisiso Tse Tsoang ho Banna le Basali ba Milione a 2 ba Tsoaletsoeng Sweden, 1975-1998." Journal of American Epidemiology. February 2014, pg. 852.
Kendler, K., et al. "Sebopeho sa likotsi tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso le tikoloho bakeng sa mathata a tšeletseng a mafu a kelello a basali. Phobia, boloetse ba ho tšoenyeha ka ho feletseng, panic disorder, bulimia, ho tepella maikutlo ho tebileng le tahi." Archives of General Psychiatry. Ka May, 1995. pg. 374.