Lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng, ka la 20 April, 1999, liithuti tse bitsoang Eric Harris le Dylan Klebold ba ile ba hlasela Sekolo se Phahameng sa Columbine, ba fella ka lefu la liithuti tse 12 le mosuoe, hammoho le ho lematsa batho ba fetang 20. Qetellong bahlaseli ba ile ba ipolaea. Leha ho le joalo, liketso tsa bona li tsoela pele ho ama batho le likolo kajeno.
Tlokotsi e neng e le Sekolong se Phahameng sa Columbine e ile ea hlakisa bohlokoa ba ho khetholla mabaka a kotsi bakeng sa tlhekefetso ea bacha (e kang pale ea boitšoaro bo mabifi , tlhekefetso, ho pepesa pefo mecheng ea litaba), hammoho le tlhokahalo ea nts'etsopele le ts'ebetsong ea mananeo a tsepamisitseng maikutlo ho fumanoa pele ho lisosa tsena le ho thibela liketso tse mabifi tsa sekolo.
Na ho na le Liphetoho Tse Etsoang Likolokeng?
Sehlopha sa bafuputsi ba tsoang Univesithi ea North Colorado le Englewood Schools e Englewood, Colorado, ba ne ba thahasella ho hlahloba liphetoho tseo likolo tsa Colorado li li entseng ho tloha ka April 1999 ho thibela liketsahalo tsa nakong e tlang tsa pefo.
Ba ile ba romela lipatlisiso ho litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello sekolong se phahameng sa 335 ho pholletsa le Colorado. Lipatlisiso tsena li ile tsa botsa litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello sekolong ka litšebeletso tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello le mananeo a thibelo ea pefo likolo tsa bona pele le ka mor'a April 1999.
Liphetoho Litšebeletsong tsa Bophelo ba Mental le Mekhoa ea Thibelo ea Liketso
Liphello tsa lipatlisiso tsena li bontša hore litšebeletso tse ngata le mananeo a ne a fumaneha ho liithuti pele ho ho thunngoa ha Columbine. Ka mohlala, likolo tse ngata (hoo e batlang e le 88%) li fana ka keletso ho liithuti 'me li na le mekhoa ea ho khetholla (hoo e ka bang 71%) le ho sebetsana le (ba ka bang 68%) baithuti ba kotsing ea pefo.
Leha ho le joalo, liphetoho tse 'maloa li ile tsa etsoa ka mor'a April 1999,' me boholo ba litšebeletso tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello le mananeo a thibelo ea pefo a ileng a hlahlojoa a ntse a eketseha haholo ha a fumaneha. Tse ling tsa liphetoho tsena li hlahlojoa ka tlase.
- Ho ne ho e-na le keketseho ea likhaello tse 20% ho likolo tse nang le moralo oa mathata
- Ho bile le keketseho ea 10% ho fumaneha ha tlhabollo ea sehlopha
- Hoo e ka bang likolo tse ling tse 9% li na le sehlopha sa mathata
- Likolo tse ling tse 8% li ile tsa qala ho hlahloba letsatsi le leng le le leng le liithuti tse kotsing ea pefo
- Ho ne ho e-na le keketseho ea 8% ho fumaneha ha mananeo a ho rarolla likhohlano
- Likolo tse ling tse 7% li fana ka koetliso ea litsebo tsa sechaba
Liphetoho tse ling tse entsoeng (hoo e ka bang likarolo tse 5 ho isa ho tse 7 ho ea ho likolo) li kenyelitse ho fana ka mananeo a thuto mabapi le ho sebetsana le maikutlo, ho ntlafatsa lihlopha tsa bana, ho ba le litšebeletso bakeng sa liithuti tse ipehang kotsing, ho ba le sehlopha sa bo-mphato, le ho fana ka phekolo ea malapa.
Leha ho le joalo, phetoho e fokolang e bile teng mabapi le ho theha mekhoa ea ho khetholla liithuti tse kotsing ea pefo, ho eketsa boteng ba litšebeletso tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello, ho fana ka lipuisano tsa lithaka, ho ba le baeletsi ba lithaka le ho fana ka keletso ka bomong.
Liphetoho Ts'ireletseho
Likolo tse ngata li ile tsa eketsa lenane la mekhoa ea ho thibela pefo (haholo-holo ts'ireletso) ka mor'a April 1999.
- Hoo e ka bang likolo tse ling tse 63% li ne li e-na le mekhoa e sireletsehileng ea tšireletso
- Likolo tse ling tse 40% li thehiloe taeo e thata ho liithuti
- Hoo e ka bang likolo tse ling tse 32% ho eketsa boteng ba tšireletso
- Hoo e ka bang likolo tse ling tse 17% li qalile ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa locker
- Ho na le likolo tse ling tse 13% tse ileng tsa eketsa lenane la bafani ba bophelo bo botle ba kelello.
Liphetoho Tse Eketsehileng li Hlokahala
Ho sa tsotellehe liphetoho tsena, litsebi tse ngata tsa sekolo sa kelello li ne li batla liphetoho tse ling, haholo-holo tabeng ea ho ba le litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello li fumanehang likolong, ho fana ka lihlopha tsa ho ba le bana, le ho bokella mananeo a ho rarolla likhohlano. Bothata bo boholo ho etsa liphetoho tsena, leha ho le joalo, ke ho hloka chelete le ho ba teng ha batho ho fana ka lits'ebeletso tsena.
Ho thibela pefo
Ho na le tšepo ea ho bona hore liphetoho tse ngata li entsoe likolong tse phahameng tsa Colorado ho tloha tlokotsing ea Columbine ka April 1999. Le hoja ho na le liphetoho tse ling tse lakatsehang (mme ho ka 'na ha hlokahala), ka tšepo, liphetoho tsena li tla lekane ho thibela likoluoa tsa nakong e tlang.
Ke 'nete hore bafuputsi bana ba ile ba hlahloba likolo tse phahameng tsa Colorado feela. Tse fokolang li tsejoa hore na likolo ho pholletsa le naha li sebelisitse liphetoho tse joalo.
Ho phaella moo, ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ho thibela tlhekefetso ea bacha hase feela likolo, empa hape le boikarabello ba batsoali le liithuti. Mathata a 'maloa a mabifi a bacha a khetholloa, joalo ka histori ea boitšoaro bo mabifi, histori ea boloetse ba kelello, tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi, histori ea tlhekefetso ea bongoana, botsoali bo bobe, ho hlekefetsoa le ho pepeseha ka tsela e feteletseng pefo mecheng ea litaba.
U ka ithuta ho eketsehileng ka lintlha tse ling tse kotsi le lipontšo tsa matšoao a pele ho American Psychological Association (APA), e fanang ka bukana e rutang ka mabaka a pefo ea bacha, ho lemoha monyetla oa pefo ho ba bang, le ho laola kotsi ea pefo ho uena le tse ling. Mokhatlo oa National Youth Violence Prevention Resource Centre o fana ka tlhahisoleseding mabapi le matšoao a mangata a lemoso bakeng sa pefo ea bacha.
Lisebelisoa:
> Crepeau-Hobson, MF, Filaccio, M., & Gottfried, L. (2005). Thibelo ea tlhekefetso ka mor'a Columbine: Phuputsong ea litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello sekolong se phahameng. Bana le Likolo, 27 , 157-165.
> Bartels, L. (2002, la 13 April). Columbine 2002: Sehlopha sa ho qetela. Litaba tsa Rocky Mountain .
> Verlinden, S., Hersen, M., & Thomas, J. (2000). Lintho tse kotsi ka ho thunngoa sekolong. Tlhahlobo ea Clinical Psychology, 20 , 3-56.