Likokoana-hloko tsa meriana ea bohlokoa e le lisebelisoa
Bothata ba ho ferekana kelellong hangata bo kula ho sa feleng le lipapali (haholo-holo haeba li sa tšoaroe) tse fapaneng haholo le tse ikhethang ho motho ka mong. Kalafo e rarahane 'me hangata e ama meriana e fetang e le' ngoe - meriana ea tlhokomelo (mohopolo o tsitsitseng) le meriana ea ho phekola lipapali tse bohloko.
Kaha phekolo ea meriana ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea phekolo ea lefu la ho ferekana kelellong, ke habohlokoa hore u ithute ka tsona.
Mona ho na le lihlopha tsa meriana e laetsoeng ke lefu la ho ferekana kelellong - lethathamo lena le phethahetse, empa ha le kenyelelitse kaofela.
Batho ba se Nang Matšoenyeho
Li-anticonvulsants, tse tsejoang hape e le meriana e khahlanong le ho qhaqha, ka linako tse ling li sebelisoa e le boikutlo bo tsitsitseng ba lefu la ho ferekana kelellong.
- Carbamazepine (Atretol, Tegretol, Epitol)
- Divalproex Sodium (Depakote, Epival)
- Gabapentin (Neurontin)
- Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
- Oxcarbazepine (Trielptal)
- Topiramate (Topamax)
- Valproic Acid Depakene, Depakote, Valproate, Epival)
Antipsychotics
Moloko oa pele oa antipsychotics, oo hape o tsejoang e le o tloaelehileng oa antipsychotics, o kenyeletsa:
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
- Haloperidol (Haldol
- Fluphenazine-prolixin, permitil
- Flupenthixol -fluanxol
- Zuclopenthixol-clopixol
Li-antipsychotics tse nang le tšoaetso li na le litla-morao tse seng kae tsa extrapyramidal ha li bapisoa le li-antipsychotics tse tloaelehileng. Empa ba bang, haholo-holo clozapine le olanzapine, ba na le kotsing e kholo ea lefu la metsolic. Li-antipsychotics tse nang le tšoaetso li akarelletsa:
- Aripiprazole (Abilify)
- Clozapine (Clozaril)
- Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
- Risperidone (Risperdal)
- Ziprasidone -Geodon
Ho tepella maikutlo
Selectional serotonin reuptake inhibitors, kapa SSRIs, ke li-anti-depression tse tloaelehileng bakeng sa khatello e khōlō ea ho tepella maikutlo empa hape e ka behoa bakeng sa khatello ea maikutlo ea ho ferekana kelellong.
Li-SSRI li kenyelletsa:
- Citalopram (Celexa)
- Escitalopram (Lexapro, Cipralex)
- Sertraline (Zoloft)
- Fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem)
- Fluvoxamine (Luvox)
- Paroxetine (Paxil)
Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) e kenyelletsa Venlafaxine (Effexor), Duloxetine (Cymbalta), le Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq), Desfax).
Tricyclic ho loantšana ha maikutlo ke batho ba baholo ba nang le bothata ba ho imeloa kelellong hoo ha ba ntse ba atleha ho batho ba bang ba na le phello e kholo ea likarolo tse akarelletsang pelo ea arrhythmias le anticholinergic litla-morao joaloka molomo o omeletseng, sedation le ho patoa.
- Amitriptyline (Amitrip, Elevil, Endep, Levate, Amitril, Enovil)
- Amoxapine (Asendin)
- Clomipramine (Anafril)
- Desipramine (Normamine, Pertofrane)
- Doxepin (Sinequan)
- Imipramine (Tofranil)
- Nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor)
- Trazodone (Olepro, Desyrel)
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors ke sehlopha se seng sa khale sa ho tepella maikutlo. Li sebetsa ka ho thibela ho senyeha ha monoamine bokong, joaloka dopamine, norepinephrine le serotonin. Mehlala e kenyeletsa:
- Phenelzine (Nardil)
- Moclobemide (Manerix)
- Tranylcypromine (Parnate)
Ho boetse ho na le ho tepella maikutlo ho sa sebetsaneng le sehlopha se le seng, joaloka Nefazodone (Serzone), Trazodone (Olepro, Desyrel) le Bupropion (Wellbutrin).
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines e sithabetsa tsamaiso ea methapo ea motho 'me e sebelisetsoa ho tšoara ho tšoenyeha, ho hlobaela le ho oela. Benzodiazepines e na le bophelo bo fapaneng ba halofo , e bolelang hore ba bang ba nka nako e khutšoanyane, ba e-na le nako e khutšoanyane kapa ba etsa nako e telele. Li akarelletsa:
- Alprazolam (Xanax, Novo-alprazol, Nu-alpraz)
- Clonazepam (Klonopin, Rivotril)
- Chloridezepoxide (Librium, Libritabs)
- Diazepam (Valium)
- Flurazepam (Dalmane)
- Lorazepam (Ativan)
- Oxazepam (Serax)
- Temazepam (Tsosolosa)
- Triazolam (Halcion)
Meriana e meng
Ho na le meriana e mengata e sebelisoang ho batho ba nang le lefu la ho ferekana kelellong. Tse ling li sebelisoa hangata empa ha li khone ho kena meleng ea meriana ea mafu a kelello.
Mohlala o mong ke Lithium (Lithane, Lithobid, Lithonate, Eskalith, Cibalith-S, Duralith) - e tloaelehileng le e sebetsang e tsitsitseng maikutlo a hlokang ho hlahloba ka hloko. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, Verapamil (Calan, Isoptin), ke meriana ea khatello ea mali eo hangata e sebelisoang ho phekola mania.
Meriana ea Meriana
Ka linako tse ling ngaka ea hau e tla fana ka moriana o le mong o kopanyang lithethefatsi tse peli. Sena se ka fana ka litekanyetso tse loketseng 'me u etsa hore ho boloke litekanyetso tsa meriana ea hau e be bonolo haholo. Mehlala e meraro e kenyeletsa:
- Triavil (Amitriptyline / perphenazine)
- Limbitrol (Amitriptyline / chlordiazepoxide)
- Symbyax (Fluoxetine / olanzapine)
Ntho e ka tlaase
Ke khopolo e ntle ho tsebisoa ka meriana ea hao le ho lula u e nka joalokaha e laetsoe - u sa fetole lethal dose kapa u khaotse ho noa meriana ntle le ho buisana le ngaka pele. Ho phaella moo, le ka mohla u se ke ua kopanela meriana ea hau le ba bang. Meriana ena e rarahaneng 'me e ka sebelisana haholo le meriana e meng' me e beha likotsi ho ba nang le mathata a itseng a bophelo bo botle.
> Mehloli:
> Mokhatlo oa Maiketsetso oa Amerika (2010). Sebelisa Tataiso ea Tlhokomelo ea bakuli ba nang le lefu la ho ferekanyana ha maikutlo ka bipolar .
> Hamer AM le Muench J. Litlhoko tsa meriana ea antipsychotic. Ke Mooki oa Lefu . 2010 Mar 1; 81 (5): 617-22.