E ka 'na eaba u utloile ka batho ba "tsang khat" kapa "ho hlafuna qat" mme ba ipotsa, "Khat ke eng?" Qat kapa khat ke lithethefatsi tse entsoeng ka makhasi a naha e hlaha, e bitsoang East African shrub e bitsoang Catha edulis, e nang le li-stimulants tse peli tse bonolo: cathinone le cathine. Hoo e ka bang 30% ea banana ba lilemong tsa bocha le ba fetang 70% ba bashanyana ba chew khat ho Bochabela Ethiopia. Tšebeliso ea eona e amana le botsofali, botona ba banna, bolumeli ba Mamosleme le tšusumetso ea lithaka.
Chewing khat e boetse ke tloaelo e tloaelehileng ea beng ka uena le ba bang har'a liithuti tsa sekolo se phahameng.
Ho bitsoa mantsoe: bethe
Cathinone, cathine, Catha Edulis Forsk, Catha edulis, Cathaedulis
Mefuta e meng ea spellings: qat, quat, kaht, caat, kat, kot, khot
Liphello
Khat e na le phello e matla ha e chekoa-e tšoana le makhasi a limela tsa coca, tse sebelisetsoang ho etsa cocaine. Hangata lihlopha tsa ho hlafuna li tla qeta lihora tse 3-4, 'me liphello li ba teng ka hora e ka mor'a ho hlafuna.
Liphello li tšoana le tsa tse ling tse susumetsang, tse kang caffeine . Basebedisi ba ka 'na ba bua, ba falimeha, ba thabile, ba ba le boiphihlelo bo monate. Ba bang ba ikutloa ba itšepa haholoanyane , 'me ba bang ba hlalosa mehopolo e eketsehileng le bokhoni ba ho kopanya likhopolo.
Ha khat ho tsuba ke mokete oa bohlokoa oa sechaba har'a Basomali, Yemenis, le Ethiopia, e thusa ho boloka boikutlo ba ho amana le sechaba le lehae har'a batho ba fallileng likarolong tse ling tsa lefats'e.
Ka lebaka leo, khoebo e nyenyane ea ho rekisa lithethefatsi ea machaba e hlahile.
Likotsi
Le hoja khat e batla e le kotsi haholo, e amahanngoa le kotsi e ngata ea bongaka, ho akarelletsa maloetse a meno le kankere ea molomo, mathata a pelo, lefu la sebete, litaba tsa thobalano, ho robala, mathata a ho robala le ho fokotsa takatso ea lijo.
Ha ho tsejoe hantle hore na likotsi tsa bophelo bo amanang le khat ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi li amana ka ho toba le cathinone ea lithethefatsi, ho sebelisoa lino tse tahang tsa caffeinated tse matlafatsang holimo, kapa haeba li amana le ho tsuba mosi oa bobeli ka mokelikeli o sa tsitsang oa ho tsuba. Mathata a mang a ka 'na a bakoa ke chefo e chefo ea likokoana-hloko, eo basebelisi ba sa e hlatsoeng pele ba hlafuna hobane ba lumela hore ba hlatsoe makhasi ba tla fokotsa matla a bona.
Mathata a bophelo bo botle a amanang le khat, ho kenyelletsa matšoao a kelello, a ngotsoe empa a sa utloisisehe hantle. Tšebeliso ea Khat e boetse e amahanngoa le matšoao a ho tepella maikutlo, ho fetoha maikutlo, le boitšoaro bo mabifi, 'me e ka lebisa likamanong le mathata a sechaba-haholo-holo ha khat e sebelisa banna ho tloha malapeng a bona nako e telele, le ha chelete e ngata e le a sebelisitsoe lithethefatsi.
Le hoja khat e nkoa e le moriana o sireletsehileng, lefu le 'nile la amahanngoa le tšebeliso ea lona.
Mathata
Ho hlafuna ho ntša lithethefatsi butle-butle, kahoo ha e hlahise lithethefatsi tse tsitsitseng tsa meriana le tse matla haholo tse kang cocaine le meth. Empa basebelisi ba 40% ba khat ba hlahisa mamello, le ho itšetleha ka, khat. Khat ho tsoma ke tloaelo ea boithabiso ba banna bohle, empa basali bao ba tsitsitseng khat ba atisa ho etsa joalo ba le ka sekhukhu 'me ba kotsing e kholo ea ho itšetleha.
Na Khat Molao?
Cathinone ke Kemiso eo ke neng ke laola lithethefatsi, kahoo khat ha e molaong USA le Canada, empa e seng linaheng tse ling tsa Bophirimela. E molaong ho Afrika, Afrika le Australia.
> Mehloli:
> Sork, J., S, Stephen, A., Hamid, T., Thomy, T., Naidoo, V., Button, J. "'Mokhotho oa boithabiso' kapa 'sehlopha sa ho ithabisa' mathata "? Lethathamo la liketsahalo tsa lefu le amanang le khatello UK." Lithethefatsi: Thuto, Thibelo le Leano, 18: 408-425. 2011.
> Feigin, A., Higgs, P., Hellard, M., le Dietze, P. "Tšusumetso ea khat ho sebelisa metse e ka Bochabela ea Afrika Melbourne: Tlhahlobo ea pele." Tlhahlobo ea Lithethefatsi le Joala , 31: 288-293. 2012.
> Mokhatlo oa Sechaba oa Tlhekefetso ea Lithethefatsi (NIDA). DrugFacts: Khat. Mokhatlo oa Sechaba oa Tlhekefetso ea Lithethefatsi. 2011.
> Nutt, D. lithethefatsi ntle le moea o chesang: ho fokotsa lithethefatsi tsa lithethefatsi tsa molao le tse seng molaong Cambridge: UIT. 2012.
> Reda, A., Moges, A., Biadgilign, S., Wondmagegn, B. "Boholo le lihlopha tsa Khat (Cathaedulis) li hlafuna har'a liithuti tsa sekolo se phahameng Eastern Ethiopia: Thuto ea lihlopha." Library ea sechaba ea saense ONE, 7: 1-5. 2012.