Ho ea ka khopolo ea trichromatic ea mebala ea pono, e tsejoang hape e le khopolo ea Young-Helmholtz ea ponahalo ea mebala, ho na le lintho tse tharo tse amohelang retina tse nang le boikarabello ba pono ea mebala. Semela e le 'ngoe e ela hloko botala ba' mala, e 'ngoe e e-na le' mala o moputsoa le karolo ea boraro ho 'mala o mofubelu. Joale mebala ena e meraro e ka kopanngoa ho theha mobala leha e le ofe o bonahalang ponong.
Tlhaloso ea Trichromatic: Tlhaho
Re bona hantle mmala joang? Ho na le likhopolo tse 'maloa tse hlalosang ts'ebetso ena,' me e 'ngoe ea pele le e tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa e ne e le khopolo ea trichromatic.
Bafuputsi ba tummeng ba babeli, e leng Thomas Young le Hermann von Helmholtz, ba ile ba tlatsetsa khopolo-taba ea pono ea mebala. Thuto ena e qalile ha Thomas Young a hlalosa hore pono ea mmala e bakoa ke liketso tsa li-receptor tse tharo tse fapaneng. Hoo e ka bang ka 1802, Young o ile a fana ka tlhahiso ea hore leihlo le na le lisele tse fapaneng tsa photoreceptor tse neng li ela hloko lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa leseli ka ponahalo e bonahalang.
Ke hamorao bohareng ba lilemo tsa bo-1800 moo mofuputsi Hermann von Helmholtz a ileng a atolosa khopolo ea pele ea Young 'me a fana ka tlhahiso ea hore li-receptors tsa leihlo e ne e le boea ba' mala o bofubelu (bo botala), boima ba bokahohle (botala), kapa boima ba nako e telele (bofubelu) . O ile a boela a fana ka maikutlo a hore e ne e le matla a lipontšo tse fumanoang ke lisele tse amohelang maikutlo tse ileng tsa etsa hore na boko bo hlalose joang mmaele tikolohong.
Helmholtz o fumane hore batho ba nang le ponahalo ea 'mala o tloaelehileng ba hloka lisebelisoa tse tharo tsa leseli ho etsa mebala e sa tšoaneng ka letoto la liteko.
- Helmholtz o ile a sebelisa liteko tsa mebala-bala moo barupeluoa ba neng ba ka fetola litekanyo tse tharo tsa marulelo a fapaneng a leseli ho bapisa 'mala oa teko.
- Barupeluoa ba ne ba sa khone ho bapisa mebala haeba ba sebelisa li-wavelengths tse peli feela, empa ba ne ba ka bapisa 'mala ofe kapa ofe ha ba sebelisa tse tharo.
- Khopolo eo e ile ea tsejoa e le khopolo ea Young-Helmholtz ea pono ea mebala.
Batsoali ba mebala
Ho khetholla li-receptors tse tharo tse ikarabellang bakeng sa pono ea mmala ha hoa ka ha etsahala ho fihlela lilemo tse fetang 70 ka mor'a tlhahiso ea khopolo ea pono e ntle haholo. Bafuputsi ba ile ba sibolla hore li-pigment li na le mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea ho kenngoa. Li-cones ke li-receptor tse fumanehang retina tse ikarabellang bakeng sa pono ea mmala le boitsebiso bobeli.
Li-receptor tsa cone li fapana ka ho nkoa ka bongata ka lebaka la bongata ba li-amino acid tse fumanoang ka har'a mokelikeli. Li-receptor tse tharo tse sa tšoaneng ke:
- Nako e khutšoanyane ea wavelength cone receptors,
- Li-receptors tsa maqhubu a bohareng ba bokahohleng, le
- Li-receptors tsa nako e telele tsa wavelength.
Tlhaloso ea Trichromatic le Mohanyetsi oa Ts'ebetso
Nakong e fetileng, khopolo ea trichromatic e ne e atisa ho hlahisoa e le tlhōlisano le khopolo ea ts'ebetso ea bahanyetsi bakeng sa ho busa ka ho hlalosa pono ea 'mala. Kajeno, ho lumeloa hore likhopolo tsena ka bobeli li ka sebelisoa ho hlalosa kamoo mokhoa oa pono o bonang kateng le hore khopolo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e sebetsana le boemo bo fapaneng ba pono. Tlhaloso ea trichromatic e hlalosa kamoo pono ea 'mala e sebetsang kateng moemong o amohelang batho. Tlhaloso ea ts'ebetso ea mohanyetsi, ka lehlakoreng le leng, e fana ka tlhaloso ea kamoo e sebetsang kateng maemong a neural.
> Mehloli:
> Goldstein, EB (2009). Tlhahiso le Pherekano. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
> Young, T. (1802). Thuto ea Bakeria: Ho Theory of Light le Colours. Litšebelisano tsa Filosofi tsa Royal Society A. London. 92: 12-48. doi: 10.1098 / rstl.