Tourette's Syndrome ke Hangata e Amanang le OCD
Kakaretso
Tourette's syndrome e bitsoa ngaka ea methapo ea meriana ea Fora Georges Gilles de la Tourette, ea ileng a hlalosa bothata bona ka 1885. Bothata bona ba ts'oaetso ea bongoaneng bo atisa ho amahanngoa le bothata bo feteletseng ba ho qeta-tšoaea (OCD) , bothata ba ho se tsotelle (ADHD) , le mathata a mang . Ha e le hantle, bana ba 86% ba tšoeroeng ke Tourette's syndrome ba na le bonyane boemo bo bong ba boitšoaro, kelello kapa tsoelo-pele, 'me se tloaelehileng haholo ke OCD le ADHD.
Matšoao
Letšoao le ka sehloohong le amanang le lefu la Tourette ke ho ba teng ha tic . Li-tics ke mekhatlo e potlakileng, e khutšoanyane, e sa ikemetseng kapa ea boithaopo.
Motor Tics
- Mokhoa o bonolo oa motlakase o akarelletsa feela mesifa e le 'ngoe kapa sehlopha sa mesifa' me e ka ba khutšoanyane (ho phatsimisa mahlo kapa ho koala likhama), nako e telele (ho otloloha kapa ho bula molomo) kapa ho ts'ehetsa nako e telele (ho fetisetsa kapa ho fokotsa seoto).
- Li-motor tics tse ngata li ameha haholo 'me hangata li tšoana le mekhoa e tloaelehileng e kang ho qhomela, ho otla, ho lahlela kapa ho ama; Leha ho le joalo, li atisa ho hlaha li sa lokiseng kapa li kenyeletsa boitšisinyo bo sa lokelang kapa bo nyonyehang. Likhoebo tsena tse rarahaneng li ka etsa hore motho ea amehileng a hlajoe ke lihlong.
Liphaso kapa Lipono tsa Phonic
- Hangata mekhoa e bonolo ea li-phonic hangata ha e na mantsoe kapa lipolelo tse se nang thuso. Mehlala e tloaelehileng e kenyelletsa ho phatloha, ho khohlela, ho hloekisa methapo, ho soma, ho tsuba kapa ho pata.
- Li-pikisi tse rarahaneng tsa li-phonic ke mantsoe kapa lipoleloana tse kenyeletsang lintho tse nyonyehang, ho pheta seo ba bang ba se buang, le ho pheta lipolelo tsa hau.
Li-tics li ka hatisoa mme hangata li ntlafatsa ha ngoana a sitisoa; Leha ho le joalo, ba ka boela ba fumana nako leha e le efe. Ho thibela litlolo ka nako e telele ho ka lebisa hoketseho e tsotehang ea litsebi hamorao.
Bakuli ba bangata ba tlaleha bothata ba 'mele pele ba etsa titi. Bana ba amehileng ba tla phethisa ticiti khafetsa ho fihlela e ikutloa "hantle."
Ho ata
Tourette's syndrome e batla e le ntho e sa tloaelehang, e hlahelang ka tlase ho 1% ea baahi. Ho tloaelehile ka makhetlo a mahlano ho banna ho feta basali le hangata ho qala pakeng tsa lilemo tse 8 le tse 10. Bakeng sa bana ba bangata, matšoao a atisa ho ntlafala qetellong ea bocha le lenane le lenyenyane le fetoha matšoao.
Bana ba bangata ba nang le Tourette ba boetse ba na le ADHD , OCD le mathata a mang a mafu a kelello, a kang ho tepella maikutlong kapa boipheliso ba sechaba . Mathata a mang a boitšoaro a tloaelehileng ho bana ba tšoeroeng ke Tourette's syndrome ke mokhoa o mobe oa ho laola maikutlo, ho se khone ho laola bohale, tlhekefetso e sa lokang ea thobalano le boitšoaro bo sa tloaelehang.
Lisosa
Joaloka li-tic le maloetse a amanang le OCD a ntlafatsa ka meriana e fetolang likokoana - hloko tsa bokooa serotonin le dopamine, ho 'nile ha hakanyetsoa hore Tourette's syndrome e ka' na ea e-ba liphello tsa ho se tloaelehe ha ho buisana ka lik'hemik'hale tsena.
Ho phaella moo, lipatlisiso tse ngata li hlokometse ho se tloaelehe ka hare ho boko bo bitsoang basal ganglia (sebaka sa bohlokoa ho qaleng le ho khaotsa ho tsamaea) har'a batho ba nang le lefu la Tourette.
Liphatsa tsa lefutso li ka boela tsa phetha karolo ea ho ntlafatsa lefu la Tourette. Haufi le beng ka batho ba nang le lefu la Tourette hangata ba na le maqiti, OCD kapa ADHD.
Phekolo
Litlhare tsa boitšoaro tse ikemiselitseng ho ntlafatsa boiketlo ba sechaba, boitlhompho le boleng ba bophelo ke leano la pele la phekolo bakeng sa lefu la Tourette. Meriana e tloaelehileng ea boitšoaro e kenyeletsa ho nahanisisa-phekolo ea boitšoaro le phekolo ea boikhathollo. Ho kenyelletsa batsoali, matichere le liithuti-'moho le bona boitekong hangata ke ba bohlokoa bakeng sa phekolo e nepahetseng.
Haeba ngoana a amehile haholo kapa a itšoara ka boithati, meriana e ka 'na ea hlokahala. Meriana e sebetsang hantle bakeng sa ho phekola matšoao a Tourette's syndrome e kenyelletsa likokoana-hloko tse loantšang likokoana-hloko, tse kang Haldol (haloperidol) le Orap (pimozide), le li-antipychotic atypical, tse kang Risperdal (risperidone) le Zyprexa (olanzapine).
Ha matšoao a OCD, matšoenyeho le khatello ea kelello li teng, kalafo e ka boela ea kenyelletsa ho loantšana ha maikutlo, joalo ka Prozac (fluoxetine) kapa Anafranil (clomipramine). Etsa bonnete ba hore u ka tšohla hore na ke lits'ebetso life tse ka u thusang ka ho fetisisa ho ngaka.
Lisebelisoa:
Jankovic, J. "Tourette's Syndrome" New England Journal of Medicine 2001 345: 1184-1192.
Kenney, C., Kuo, SH, & Jimenez-Shahed, J. "Tourette's Syndrome" American Family Physician 2008 77: 651-658.
http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/tourette/detail_tourette.htm
http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/tourette/facts.html