Matšoao le Mabaka
Melancholia ke pontšo e tebileng ea ho tetebela maikutlo haholo. Ka mokhoa ona oa khatello ea kelello, ho na le tahlehelo e feletseng ea thabo ho bohle kapa hoo e batlang e le ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe.
Poleloana ea 'melancholia' ke e 'ngoe ea mantsoe a khale ka ho fetisisa a sebelisitsoeng ho psychology. E 'nile ea e-ba ho pota ha Hippocrates e e hlahisa lekholong la bohlano la lilemo BC,' me e bolela "bile e ntšo" ka Segerike. Sena se loketse hobane Hippocrates o ne a lumela hore ho na le bongata bo feteletseng ba bile, e leng se seng sa seo a se ngotseng "The Humours Four," se bakileng melancholia.
Matšoao ao a arolaneng ka tlas'a melancholia a batla a tšoana le matšoao ao re a sebelisang kajeno, ho kenyeletsa tšabo, ho se batle ho ja, ho hlobaela, ho hloka botsitso, ho tsieleha le ho hlomoha.
Lisosa
Tšimoloho ea liketsahalo tsena hangata ha e bakoe ke ketsahalo e itseng, mme esita le ha ntho e ntle e etsahala, mohopolo oa motho ha o ntlafatse, esita le ka nakoana.
Ho hlakisa mofuta oa khatello ea kelello ea kelello eo u nang le eona, ngaka ea hau e ka sebelisa li-specifiers. Ka mohlala, haeba u e-na le bothata bo tebileng ba ho tepella maikutlong ka matšoao a melancholia, u ka 'na ua fumanoa u e-na le bothata bo tebileng ba ho tepella maikutlo (boloetse bo pharaletseng) bo nang le litšobotsi tse hlahisang melancholic (matšoao a itseng).
Litaba tse ling tse ka nahanoang li kenyeletsa:
- Lefu la ho ferekana kelellong
- Boloetse ba Cyclothymic
- Lefu la ho tepella maikutlo le tsitsitseng
- Ho ferekanya maikutlo a ho senyeha ha maikutlo
- Lefu la ho qeta lefu la Premenstrual dysphoric
- Ho tepella maikutlo ho bakoang ke lithethefatsi tse seng molaong, meriana e laetsoeng kapa bokuli bo itseng ba 'mele
Batho ba hōlileng, bakuli ba nang le bokooa, le ba bontšang likarolo tsa psychotic ba kotsing e kholo ea ho tepella maikutlong ka melancholic.
Matšoao
Ho fumanoa u e-na le likarolo tsa melancholic, u tlameha ho ba le bonyane matšoao ana a mararo:
- Tšobotsi e ikhethang ea maikutlo a tepeletseng a tsejoang ke ho nyahama ho tebileng, ho felloa ke tšepo, kapa ho hloka thuso: Ha u sareloa feela kapa hona ho theoha ka lebaka la ketsahalo ea bophelo, e kang lefu la motho eo u mo ratang. Seo u se utloang se seholo ho feta seo.
- Ho tepella maikutlong ho ntse ho mpefala hoseng
- Hoseng hoseng ho tsoha lihora tse peli pejana ho tloaelehileng
- Khohlano ea kelello ea ho ipolaea , ho lieha ha mokhatlo o tloaelehileng, kapa ho tsuba , ho eketseha le / kapa ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang
- Anorexia kapa boima ba 'mele
- Boikutlo bo molato bo feteletseng kapa bo sa lokelang
Phekolo
Bakeng sa khatello ea kelello ea melancholic, hangata meriana e tlameha ho hlokahala hobane e bonahala e e-na le motso oa likokoana-hloko. Ka mantsoe a mang, kaha hangata ha e bakoe ke maemo a ka ntle, lisosa tse bonahalang eka li bakoa haholo ke ho etsa liphatsa tsa lefutso le bokooa, ho hloka hore meriana e sebetsang linthong tsa tlhaho joaloka boko bo sebetsa.
Mefuta ea ho tepella maikutlo e ka sebelisetsoang ho tepella maikutlo ha melancholic e akarelletsa:
- Selectional serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): Meriana ena e sebetsa ka ho fetola tsela eo serotonin ea methapo ea pelo e sebetsang bokong, e ntlafatsang maikutlo. Mefuta e tloaelehileng e kenyelletsa Prozac (fluoxetine), Paxil (paroxetine), Zoloft (sertraline) le Lexapro (escitalopram).
- Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs): SNRIs e ama tsela eo serotonin le norepinephrine ba sebetsang ka eona bokong. Mefuta e tloaelehileng ke Cymbalta (duloxetine) le Effexor (venlafaxine).
- Norepinephrine le dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs): Wellbutrin (bupropion) ke eona feela meriana ho sehlopha sena e amang norepinephrine le dopamine.
- Li-anti-depressants tse kotsi: Meriana ena e ama lik'hemik'hale tsa boko bo bonahalang eka bo ntlafatsa maikutlo. Mehlala ea meriana sehlopheng sena ke Remeron (mirtazapine), Oleptro (trazodone), Brintellix (vortioxetine), le Viibryd (vilazodone).
- T ricyclic anti-depressants (TCAs): Tsena ke moloko oa pele oa ho tepella maikutlo 'me e ka ba le litla-morao tse ngata ho feta liphetolelo tse ncha. Sehlopha sena se kenyelletsa Tofranil (imipramine), Pamelor (nortriptyline), le amitriptyline.
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): Ena ke sehlopha se seng sa khale sa ho tepella maikutlo se ka bang le litla-morao tse tebileng empa e ka ba khetho e ntle ho batho ba itseng. Meriana e ka sehloohong sehlopheng sena ke Parnate (tranylcypromine), Nardil (phenelzine), le Marplan (isocarboxazid).
Lisebelisoa:
Telles-Correia, D, Marques, JG. "Melancholia pele ho lekholo la mashome a mabeli la lilemo: tšabo le masoabi kapa ts'oaetso e itseng?" Meeli ea Psychology . 2015; 6: 81.
Dewhurst WG. "Melancholia le ho Tepella Maikutlo: Ho tloha Mehleng ea Hippocratic to Times Times." Journal of Psychiatry le Neuroscience . 1992; 17 (2).
"Ho tepella maikutlo (bothata bo tebileng ba ho tepella maikutlo)." Mayo Clinic (2015).