Ho khutlela morao ho etsahala mme ba nyahamisa ha ba etsa joalo. Leha ho le joalo, ha ba bolele hore u hlōlehile kapa hore u ke ke ua hlola u hlaphoheloa ka botlalo. Ts'ebeliso ena ke karolo e tloaelehileng ea ts'ebetso ea ho hlaphoheloa 'me e fana ka monyetla oa ho ithuta le ho matlafatsa pholiso.
A re ke re qale ka ho hlalosa mantsoe a reng: Ho senyeha kapa ho senyeha ke ho etsahala ha letšoao le lenyenyane ha ho khutlela morao ho bolela ho ipheta-pheta hangata ho ja kapa ho hloekisa.
Hobane ho hloleha ke ketsahalo e le 'ngoe ha ho bolele hore motho a khutlele hape. Ho phaella moo, hore na motho ea arabelang lipapali tse sa thabiseng ke karolo e kholo hokae hore e khutlela morao.
A re shebeng data: Ho khutlela morao bakeng sa bareki ba atlehileng ho phekoloa bakeng sa bulimia nervosa range ho tloha ho 31% ho isa ho 44% nakong ea lilemo tse peli tsa pele tsa ho hlaphoheloa. Kahoo, haeba u kile ua khutlela morao, u na le botsoalle bo botle. Liphuputso tse ling li 'nile tsa leka ho khetholla likarolo tsa moeletsi ea bolelang esale pele ho khutlela morao (joalo ka khalori thibelo, matšoao a phekoloang, le bothata ba setšoantšo sa' mele); Leha ho le joalo, ka phihlelo ea ka ea bongaka, ke lumela hore lethathamo la lipatlisiso tse ling li ka 'na tsa talima monehelo oa liketsahalo tse sithabetsang bophelong ho ea ka matšoao a' mele le a kelello (le ho khutlela hape).
Phuputso ea Grilo le basebetsi-'moho (2012) e ile ea hlahloba kamano pakeng tsa liketsahalo tse sithabetsang bophelong le ho khutlela ho bakuli ba nang le bolimia nervosa le boloetse ba ho ja ho sa boleloe ka ho hlaka (AKA EDNOS, sehlopheng seo hona joale se tsejoang e le se seng se boleloang ke boloetse ba ho ja).
Phuputsong ena, bafuputsi ba tsamaisa Tlhahlobo ea Liketsahalo tsa Bophelo, sesebelisoa se lekanyang liketsahalo tse sa nepahetseng tse 59 le liketsahalo tse ntle tse 23 tse arolelanoang likhatellong tse kenyeletsang mosebetsi, sekolo, setsoalle / botsoalle, lerato, lelapa, bophelo bo botle le tsa lichelete. Phuputso ena e fumane hore mathata a bophelo a sithabetsang, haholo-holo khatello ea mosebetsi (mohlala, mathata a tebileng mosebetsing; ho tlosoa kapa ho lelekoa) le khatello e phahameng ea sechaba (mohlala, ho senyeha kapa ho lahleheloa ke motsoalle), ho eketsa menyetla ea ho khutlela morao.
Lintho tse tšoanang li fumanoe lithuputsong tse ling ho ama liphello tse ling tsa bophelo bo botle (mohlala, ho itšunya-tšunya serame se tloaelehileng).
Mosebetsing oa ka oa bongaka le bareki ba sebetsanang le ho qeta nako le ho khutlela morao, ke fumana ho le molemo ho sheba sesebelisoa se tšoanang, Palo ea tekanyo ea ho fetola sechaba , lethathamo la liketsahalo tse hlasimollang tse 43 tse phelang. Tekanyo ena e ile ea hatisoa ka 1967 ke Holmes le Rahe. Sepheo sa thepa e ne e le ho ngolisa liketsahalo tsa tikoloho tse neng li khetholitsoe lichabeng tsa bakuli hangata pele ho tšoaetso ea mafu a kelello. Lekala la baahloli le ile la fana ka sekala sa Life Change Unit (LCU) liketsahalong tsena. Litekanyetso li kenyelletsa liketsahalo tse kang: lefu la molekane (o filoe lintlha tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tsa LCU), lefu la setho sa lelapa se haufi (63), bokhachane (40), phetoho ea boemo ba lichelete (38) le ho tloha lapeng ( 29). Esita le liketsahalo tse atisang ho nkoa li le ntle, tse kang lenyalo (50), li kenyelelitsoe hobane hangata e mong le e mong o amana le khatello ea kelello.
Ha ba phatlalatsa palo, Holmes le Rahe ba tlaleha hore liketsahalo li ne li eketsa. Kahoo, haeba molekane oa hao a hlokahala 'me a u siea a se na moputso le ngoana ea tlohileng hae ka nako e le' ngoe, tekanyo ea LCU ea hao e tla be e le 100 + 40 + 29 = 169. Bafuputsi ba bolela hore palo e fetang 300 e beha motho kotsing ea ho kula.
Lipalo tse 150 ho isa ho 299 li bontša kotsi e ikhethang ea ho kula (karolo ea 30 lekholong ho feta sehlopha se phahameng). Lintlha tse ka tlase ho 150 li amahanngoa le kotsi e fokolang feela ea bokuli.
Mohlala oa Holmes-Rahe o 'nile oa nyatsuoa ka ho khetheha ka lebaka la ho hlōleha ho nka phapang ka bomong. Tekanyo e nka hore khatello e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e ama batho ka tsela e ts'oanang, e seng nnete; mohlala, batho ba bang ba ka 'na ba fumana tlhalo e sithabetsang haholo, ha ba bang e ka ba khatholoho.
Le hoja e ka 'na ea e-ba sesebelisoa se utloahalang sa kelello, kea e fumana e le thuso ea meriana ho thusa bareki ho utloisisa hore na ke hobane'ng ha ba khutlela morao hape.
Quantification ea liketsahalo tsa bophelo e thusa bareki ho bona khatello eo ba ka 'nang ba se ke ba e ela hloko. Haeba u se u khutlile morao tjena, ke habohlokoa ho hlahloba litekanyo tsena, tse ka fuoang boinotši, le ho hlahloba hore na u ka khetholla likhatello tsa morao-rao bophelong ba hau.
Hangata ha bareki ba e-na le matšoao a ho khutla, e latela liketsahalo tse sithabetsang bophelong le / kapa liphetoho tse kang ho ea k'holejeng kapa ho qala mosebetsi o mocha. Sena ha se makatse - mekhoa e metseng ea maladaptive e khutla ha motho a ikutloa a imolohile kapa a tobana le tikoloho e sa tloaelehang le tsebo e ncha ea ho sebetsana hantle le boemo bo botle ha e e-s'o mengoe.
Haeba u se u khutlile morao-rao ke habohlokoa hore u hlahlobe se etsahetseng mme u etse moralo oa ho khutlela morao tseleng. Tsela eo u arabelang ka eona nakong ea ho felloa ke matla kapa ho khutlela morao ha e le hantle ke ea bohlokoa haholo ho feta hore e felile. Ho buisana ka eona kapele le ka boiketlo ho ka thibela ho qoba ho khutlela morao kapa ho senya ho ts'oara ha hao.
Litlhahiso tse ling tsa seo u ka se etsang ke tsena:
- Tseba 'me u amohele hore ho fela kapa ho khutlela morao ho etsahetse
- U se ke ua ikotla; itloaetse ho ba le kutloelo-bohloko
- Ikemisetse ho khutlela tseleng.
- Fumana thuso ho tswa ho marang-rang a hau a tšehetso le / kapa sehlopha sa kalafo.
- Leka ho lemoha hore na ke lintlha life tse entseng hore ho fokotsehe / ho khutlela morao le kamoo u ka sebetsanang le maemo a tsosang a tšoanang nakong e tlang.
- Hlalosa hore na ke mekhoa efe le mekhoa e sebetsanang le ho sebetsana le eona e ileng ea u thusa ho hlaphoheloa nakong e fetileng eo u ka e sebelisang hape (mohlala, ho tlatsa litlaleho tsa lijo, moralo oa ho iphelisa hantle, joalo-joalo).
- Ak'u nahane ka ho khutlela meriana mohlomong le bakeng sa thuto ea boithuto kapa tse peli.
Maemong a mangata, phekolo ka mor'a ho felloa ke matla kapa ho khutlela morao ke e hlakileng ho feta phekolo ea pele, 'me ka potlako u ka' na ua khutlela morao tseleng ea ho khutlisa.
> Mehloli:
> Brownell, KD, Marlatt, GA, Lichtenstein, E., Wilson, GT (1986). Ho Utloisisa le ho Qoba ho Khutlela. Setsebi sa kelello sa Amerika, 41 , 765-782.
> Dohrenwend, BP (2006). Ho tseba ho ba le khatello ea kelello Bophelong Liketsahalo tsa Likotsi Tsa Lipatlisiso: Ho Etsa Qeto ea Bothata ba Batho ba Inthaneteng Phapang, Psychological Bulletin, 132, 477-495.
> Grilo, CM, Pagano, ME, Sout, RL, Markowitz, JC, Ansell, EB, Pinto, A., Zanarini, MC, Yen, S., Skodol, AE (2012). Bophelo bo Sithabetsang Bophelo Boemo Bolelang ho Etsahala ha Mahlomola ho Khuta Ho Khutšoa Ketsahalong: > Selemo se Tšeletseng > Liphello Tse Atlehang. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 45 , 185-192.
> Halmi, KA, Agras WS, Mitchell, J., Wilson, GT, Crow, S., Bryson, SW, Kraemer, H. (2002). Ho Khutlela Pele ho Batho ba Nang le Meriana ba Nang le Bulimia Nervosa Ba ileng ba itšireletsa ka ho phekola kalafo ea boitšoaro. Archives of General Psychiatry , 59 , 1105-9.
> Holmes, TH, & Rahe, RH (1967). Tlhophiso ea Boiketlo ba Sechaba. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 11, 213- 218.
> Marlatt, G. & Gordon, JR. (eds.), Thibelo ea ho khutla: Mekhoa ea ho hlokomela Maqheku a Addictive Behaviors , Guilford, New York, 1985.
> Olmsted > MP, > Kaplan AS, Rockert W. (1994) Palo le Boemo ba ho Khutlela Bulimia Nervosa. Journal of American Psychiatry. 151, 738-43.