Tšusumetso ea liphatsa tsa lefutso le tikoloho e bapala karolo
Maemong a mangata, tsoelo-pele ea bakhachane e etsahala hangata 'me e latela mekhoa ea ts'ebetso ea nts'etsopele ka ho fapana haholo. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le lintho tse ngata tse ka tsamaeang hampe nakong ena, hangata tse bakoang ke liphatsa tsa lefutso kapa mathata a tikoloho.
Mathata a Liphatsa
Joalokaha u ka 'na ua nahana, liphatsa tsa lefutso li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ntlafatsong. Leha ho le joalo, maemong a mang, mathata a liphatsa tsa lefutso a ka hlaha a ka amang ts'ebetso ea morao-rao le ea nakong e tlang.
- Down Syndrome: E boetse e tsejoa e le trisomy 21, Down syndrome ke lefu le tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa la liphatsa tsa mafu nakong ea bokhachane. Down syndrome e bakoa ke kopi e eketsehileng ea li-chromosomes tse 21 (ho boleloang hore ho na le li-chromosome tse tharo ho e-na le tse peli tse tloaelehileng) 'me li ama hoo e ka bang 1 ho ba bang le ba bang ba 1 000. Lintho tse tloaelehileng tsa Down syndrome li kenyeletsa litšobotsi tsa sefahleho, likoli tsa pelo, le bothata ba kelello. Kotsi ea ho ba le ngoana ea nang le Down syndrome e eketseha ka nako ea boimana.
- Matšoao a futsitsoeng: Maloetse a mangata a ka futswa haeba motsoali a le mong kapa bobeli ba na le liphatsa tsa lefutso. Mehlala ea maloetse a futsitsoeng a kenyelletsa lefu la phofo ea lisele, Cystic fibrosis le lefu la Tay-Sachs. Liteko tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso li ka atisa ho fumana hore na motsoali ke motlatsi oa liphatsa tsa mafu bakeng sa lefu le itseng.
- Mathata a ho Kopanela Liphate-Chromosome: Mofuta oa boraro oa mathata a liphatsa tsa lefutso o amana le li-chromosome tsa thobalano. Tsena li kenyeletsa maemo a kang Klinefelter's syndrome (e leng X-chromosome e eketsehileng) le lefu la Turner (e le X-chromosome e le 'ngoe).
Mathata a tikoloho
Mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea tikoloho e ka boela ea phetha karolo ea bohlokoa tsoelo-pele ea bakhachane . Likarolo tse kotsi tsa tikoloho tse ka etsang hore lesea le e-s'o tsoaloe ke li- teratogens. Ho na le likokoana-hloko tse 'maloa tse ka lematsang lesea, ho akarelletsa:
- Tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi ea bokhachane: Tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa ke 'mè e ka ba le liphello tse bohloko ho lesea. Ho tsuba ho amahanngoa le boima bo tlaase ba 'mele, e leng se ka fokolisang tsamaiso ea' mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung, ho hema hampe, le ho holofala ha pelo. Tšebeliso e mpe ea joala e ka lebisa bothateng ba joala ba joala , e amanang le bofokoli ba pelo, ho se sebetse hantle 'meleng le ho lahleheloa kelellong. Tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi tse sa lumelloeng ke mafu tse kang cocaine le methamphetamine li boetse li amahanngoa le boima bo tlaase ba ho tsoaloa le bokooa ba kelello.
- Matšoao a Bakhachane: Ho na le maloetse a mangata a bakhachane a ka senyang lesea, ho akarelletsa herpes, rubella le AIDS. Sefuba sa Herpes ke e 'ngoe ea maloetse a tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa a bokhachane' me a fetisetsoa ho lesea, e leng ho lebisang ho sa utloeng litsebeng, ho ruruha ha boko kapa ho lahleheloa kelellong. Basali ba nang le kokoana-hloko ea herpes hangata ba khothalletsoa hore ba fane ka li-cearean ho qoba tšoaetso ea vaerase.
Nako ea bokhachane ke nako ea khōlo e kholo le ts'oaetso e kholo. Joalokaha u se u bone, ho na le likotsi tse 'maloa tse ka bakang kotsing ea ho fetela. Tse ling tsa likotsi tsena, tse kang likotsi tsa tikoloho tse tsoang ho li-teratogens le tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi, li ka thibeloa kapa tsa fokotsoa. Maemong a mang, mathata a liphatsa tsa lefutso a ke ke a qojoa. Boemong bofe kapa bofe, tlhokomelo ea pelehi ea bakhachane e ka thusa bo-'mè ba bacha le bana ho sebetsana ka katleho le mathata a ka 'nang a hlaha nakong ea bokhachane.