Pejana moloko oa lithethefatsi o sa ntse o sebelisoa kalafo ea pele
Mefuta e tloaelehileng ea antipsychotics, eo ka linako tse ling e bitsoa antipsychotics ea moloko oa pele, ke sehlopha sa lithethefatsi tsa psychotropic tse sebelisoang ho tšoara matšoao a kelello . Khemiso e hlalosoa e le boits'oaro boo motho a lahleheloang ke bona bo amanang le 'nete, hangata a iponahatsa ka likhopolo le likhopolo .
Mefuta e tloaelehileng ea antipsychotics e 'nile ea lateloa ke sehlopha se secha sa lithethefatsi se bitsoang li-antipychotic atypical .
Li-antipychotic tse ling tse tšoaetsanoang li ile tsa qala ho tsejoa lilemong tsa bo-1990 'me li tsejoa hore li na le litla-morao tse fokolang ho feta tsa pele ho tsona.
Khemiso e ka bakoa ke mafu a kelello kapa a 'mele a amang boko le boitšoaro. Matšoao a kelello a atisang ho amana le ketsahalo ea kelello e kenyelletsa:
- Lefu la ho ferekana kelellong
- Schizophrenia
- Lefu la khatello ea kelello (Post-traumatic disorder disorder) (PTSD)
- Ho tepella maikutlo ke kelello
- Postpartum psychosis
Maemo a mmele a atisang ho amahanngoa le lefu la kelello a kenyelletsa lefu la sethoathoa, tšoaetso ea HIV e tsoetseng pele, lefu la Parkinson, lefu la seoa, likobo tsa boko, botsofali bo amanang le botsofali le ho sebelisa hampe methamphetamine.
Mabitso le Mabitso a Generic
Mefuta e tloaelehileng ea ho loantša likokoana-hloko e ile ea qala ho ntlafatsoa ka bo-1950 ho tšoara psychosis. Kalafo kajeno e fetiselitsoe hore e kenyelle maikutlo a hlabang, ho ferekana, le mathata a mang a tebileng a maikutlo a mabeli. Mefuta e tloaelehileng ea antipsychotics e amohelehang hona joale ho sebelisoa US e kenyelletsa:
- Haldol (haloperidol)
- Loxitane (loxapine)
- Mellaril (thioridazine)
- Moban (molindone)
- Navane (thiothixene)
- Orap (pimozide)
- Prolixin (fluphenazine)
- Serentil (mesoridazine)
- Stelazine (trifluoperazine)
- Thorazine (chlorpromazine)
- Trilafon (perphenazine)
Ha ho kenyelletsoa lithethefatsi tse ncha, ha ho sebelisoe li-antipsychotics tse tloaelehileng joaloka pele. Ka mohlala, Compazine (prochlorperazine), hangata e sebelisoa ho tšoara matšoenyeho kapa ho laola leqeba le ho hlatsa haholo.
Litla-morao
Litla-morao li ka fapana ho latela lithethefatsi kapa lik'hamphani tse sebelisoang. Tse ling tsa litla-morao li ka 'na tsa e-ba tse bonolo le tse khutšoanyane; tse ling li ka 'na tsa qeta nako e eketsehileng' me tsa eketsa kotsi ea liphello tse ling tse sa rateheng. Litla-morao tse tloaelehileng li kenyeletsa:
- Ho otloa ke mpa
- Sehlōhō
- Ho otla
- Seizure
- Phaello ea mafura
- Molomo o omileng
- Li-tics le litšisinyeho
- Ho otsela
- Pono ea pono
- Ho hloka botsitso
- Ho tlosoa ha 'mele
Mefuta e mengata ea antipsychotics e ka 'na ea baka litla-morao tse itseng tsa "litlaleho" ha li bapisoa le batho ba nang le tšusumetso e matla. Tsena li kenyeletsa litla - morao tse ling tse bitsoang extrapyramidal tse amang phello le puo.
Hangata ho thoeng ke "lefu la mmutla," matšoao a extrapyramidal a kenyelletsa ho hloka botsitso, ho thothomela, puo e senyang, ho lieha ho nahana, ho sisinyeha ho sisinyeha, le mekhoa ea ho itšireletsa ka mesifa. Batho ba ka etsang liphesente tse hlano ba tšoaroang ka tloaelo ea antipsychotics ba tla hlahisa mofuta o mong oa matšoao a extrapyramidal.
Tardive dyskinesia ke phello e 'ngoe ea lehlakoreng le amanang haholo le tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi ea nako e telele. E khetholloa ka mekhabiso ea sefahleho e pheta-pheta le e sa ikemetseng e kang ho khomarela leleme la motho, ho senya kapa ho etsa likheo.
Therapy Combination
Ha e sebelisoa ho phekola lefu la kelello, li-antipsychotics li atisa ho behoa li kopane le lithethefatsi tse ling tse kang boikutlo bo tsitsitseng, ho imeloa kelellong le meriana e khahlanong le ho tšoenyeha.
- Li-stabilizers li sebelisoa ho thusa ho fokotsa sekheo sa manic kapa sa hypomanic . Lintho tse kenyeletsang li kenyeletsa Tegretol (carbamazepine), Depakene (valproic acid), Lithobid (lithium), le Depakote (divalproex sodium).
- Li-anti-depressants, li sebelisoa ho sebetsana le ho tepella maikutlo 'me li kenyeletsa lihlopha tse tšeletseng tsa lithethefatsi: serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), norepinephrine le dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs), tricyclic li-anti-depressants (TCAs), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), le li-anti-depressing tsa tlhaho.
- Meriana e thibelang ho tšoenyeha, eo hape e tsejoang e le benzodiazepines, e ka thusa ka boroko le matšoenyeho empa hangata e laeloa ka nako e khutšoanyane feela. Lintho tse kenyeletsang li kenyelletsa klonopin (clonazepam), Valium (diazepam), Ativan (lorazepam), le Xanax (alprazolam).
Ho phaella moo, pilisi e 'ngoe ka bobeli e bitsoang Symbyax (fluoxetine / olanzapine) e amohetsoe ke US Food and Drug Administration, ho kopanya tloaelo ea antipsychotic le SSRI e sithabetsang.
> Mohloli:
> Kasper, D .; Fauci, A .; Hauser, S. et al. Melao-motheo ea Harrison ea Meriana ea ka Hare . New York: McGraw Hill Thuto, 2015. Print.